Holte A, Wichstrøm L
Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Psychol. 1990;31(3):198-211. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1990.tb00831.x.
A new approach to the study of family communication and psychopathology, in particular schizophrenia, using Saugstad's theory about use of language as its point of departure is presented. Conflicts between family members were observed and measured using a new unrevealed difference technique, the Colour Conflict Method (CCM). Communication was analysed in terms of continuous feedback processes, using the new computerized method, Confirmation-Disconfirmation Coding System (CONDIS). Feedback mechanisms in the internal communication of families of schizophrenics, normals, and non-schizophrenic pathological controls (n = 21) are described. The findings show that families of schizophrenics lack the ability to adapt their communication to changing situational requirements. When conflicts were introduced, families of schizophrenics-in contrast to non-schizophrenics within the extended schizophrenia spectrum and normals-increased their frequency of disconfirmatory feedback reactions instead of expressing disagreements openly. This was due to active disqualifications occurring between the parents and from the parents towards their schizophrenic offspring, who reacted with incomprehensible egocentric communication acts.
本文提出了一种以绍格斯塔德的语言使用理论为出发点，研究家庭沟通与精神病理学，特别是精神分裂症的新方法。使用一种新的未公开差异技术——颜色冲突法（CCM）观察和测量家庭成员之间的冲突。运用新的计算机化方法——确认-否定编码系统（CONDIS），从连续反馈过程的角度分析沟通情况。描述了精神分裂症患者家庭、正常家庭以及非精神分裂症病理对照组（n = 21）内部沟通中的反馈机制。研究结果表明，精神分裂症患者家庭缺乏根据不断变化的情境需求调整沟通的能力。当引入冲突时，与精神分裂症谱系扩展范围内的非精神分裂症患者家庭和正常家庭相比，精神分裂症患者家庭增加了否定性反馈反应的频率，而不是公开表达不同意见。这是由于父母之间以及父母对其精神分裂症子女出现了主动的否定行为，而这些子女则以难以理解的以自我为中心的沟通行为做出反应。
