Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Jun 28;53(7):4234-41. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-9580.
Quality of life (QoL) questionnaires have been suggested as the most appropriate way to measure the effectiveness of low vision rehabilitation. This study investigated the relative contribution of visual and psychosocial factors to different aspects of QoL in people with low vision.
A total of 448 consecutive patients between the ages of 18 and 96 years, with best-corrected binocular visual acuity≤6/18 and attending a low vision clinic, were recruited. Telephone delivery of previously validated questionnaires was used. The Low Vision Quality of Life (LVQOL), the Adaptation to Age-Related Vision Loss (AVL)-12, and the Keele Participation Restriction Questionnaire (KAP) questionnaires were considered as outcome measures for functional vision, adaptation to vision loss, and participation restriction, respectively. Personality (BFI-10), religious beliefs (SBI-15), social support (MOS), the mental and physical components of general health (the MCS and PCS of SF-12), well-being (WHO-5), use of magnifiers (MLVQ), understanding of their eye condition and satisfaction with the eye clinic (MLVQ), level of education, and financial status were all considered as predictive of QoL.
Regression analysis found the PCS and MCS from SF-12 to be major predictors of LVQOL, AVL-12, and KAP scores. Although distance visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were predictors of LVQOL scores, "use of magnifiers" did not contribute to any of the QoL measures.
Nonvisual factors, such as physical and mental health, were found to be stronger predictors of QoL in people with low vision than visual factors such as contrast sensitivity and visual acuity, or the use of magnifiers. Researchers need to be aware when measuring QoL in a population with low vision that even vision-related QoL is strongly influenced by nonvisual variables.
生活质量（QoL）问卷被认为是衡量低视力康复效果的最恰当方法。本研究旨在探讨视觉和心理社会因素对低视力患者不同 QoL 方面的相对贡献。
共招募了 448 名年龄在 18 至 96 岁之间的连续患者，这些患者的最佳矫正双眼视力≤6/18，并在低视力诊所就诊。采用电话方式提供了先前验证过的问卷。低视力生活质量（LVQOL）、适应年龄相关性视力丧失（AVL）-12 和基尔参与限制问卷（KAP）被视为功能视力、适应视力丧失和参与限制的结果测量指标。人格（BFI-10）、宗教信仰（SBI-15）、社会支持（MOS）、一般健康的心理和身体成分（SF-12 的 MCS 和 PCS）、幸福感（WHO-5）、放大镜的使用（MLVQ）、对他们的眼睛状况的理解和对眼科诊所的满意度（MLVQ）、教育水平和财务状况均被视为 QoL 的预测因素。
回归分析发现，SF-12 的 MCS 和 PCS 是 LVQOL、AVL-12 和 KAP 评分的主要预测因素。尽管远视力和对比敏感度是 LVQOL 评分的预测因素，但“放大镜的使用”并没有对任何 QoL 指标做出贡献。
与视力因素（如对比敏感度和视力）或放大镜的使用相比，非视觉因素（如身心健康）被发现是低视力患者生活质量的更强预测因素。在研究人群中测量低视力患者的 QoL 时，研究人员需要意识到，即使是与视力相关的 QoL 也受到非视觉变量的强烈影响。
