Wnuk-Lipinski E
Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw.
Soc Sci Med. 1990;31(8):859-66. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90022-k.
Class position based on educational level is strongly associated with health status in Poland. Whilst infant mortality continues to fall, life expectancy at age 45 is lower particularly for males. Cause of death analysis shows a steady but slow fall in poverty-type diseases and a big increase in deaths from circulatory diseases and malignant neoplasms. Multiple regression analyses suggest that the main causal factors in inequality result from economic failure, differences in living conditions and lifestyles rather than from the evident inefficiencies in the health-care system itself. But there are significant inequalities in access to health care and especially to quality care.
在波兰，基于教育水平的社会阶层与健康状况密切相关。尽管婴儿死亡率持续下降，但45岁时的预期寿命较低，尤其是男性。死因分析表明，贫困型疾病导致的死亡人数稳步但缓慢下降，而循环系统疾病和恶性肿瘤导致的死亡人数大幅增加。多元回归分析表明，不平等的主要因果因素是经济衰退、生活条件和生活方式的差异，而非医疗保健系统本身明显的低效。但是在获得医疗保健尤其是高质量医疗保健方面存在显著不平等。
