Raeber P A, Billo N E, Rieder H L, Somaini B
Bundesamt für Gesundheitswesen (BAG), Bern.
Ther Umsch. 1990 Oct;47(10):844-51.
It was the purpose of this analysis to summarize the salient findings made with the initial medical examination of asylum seekers in Switzerland. The evaluation covered the period from 1984 to 1987. The epidemiologic impact of diseases discovered by this screening and the logistic problems encountered with the decentralization of the program have required a modification and a reassessment of the necessary measures. As a consequence, indiscriminate stool examinations for bacteria and parasites have been abandoned. These examinations had required a considerable investment which is not considered to be justified by the limited epidemiologic significance of these intestinal pathogens. More emphasis is being placed on improved tuberculosis control measures, by providing concise guidelines for screening, prevention, and treatment. A simplified procedure for hepatitis B screening is to be maintained for the time being, conditional upon special emphasis on children, adolescents and adults of reproductive age groups. Hepatitis B vaccination of seronegative persons is a part of the standard basic immunization program. The core of the screening program and the delivery of initial preventive measures is to be carried out in the federal registration and transit centers for asylum seekers.
本分析旨在总结瑞士对寻求庇护者进行初次医学检查所取得的主要结果。评估涵盖了1984年至1987年期间。此次筛查发现的疾病的流行病学影响以及该项目分散化所遇到的后勤问题，都要求对必要措施进行修改和重新评估。因此，已不再进行针对细菌和寄生虫的粪便普查。这些检查需要大量投入，而鉴于这些肠道病原体有限的流行病学意义，这种投入被认为是不合理的。现在更加注重改进结核病控制措施，为此提供了有关筛查、预防和治疗的简明指南。目前将维持简化的乙肝筛查程序，但特别强调针对儿童、青少年和育龄成年人群体。对血清阴性者进行乙肝疫苗接种是标准基本免疫计划的一部分。筛查项目的核心以及初步预防措施的实施将在联邦寻求庇护者登记和中转中心进行。
