Dittmann J, Schüttler R
Department of Psychiatry II, University of Ulm Medical School, Federal Republic of Germany.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1990 Oct;82(4):318-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb01393.x.
In 50 schizophrenic patients, semistructured interviews were carried out concerning disease consciousness, occupation with the disease and behaviour and coping in case of psychotic experiences; 72% of the patients occupied themselves with their disease. In 84% a disease consciousness was present; 38% gave a multifactorial explanation for their psychosis. In 94% the occasional appearance of psychotic experiences was acknowledged. In 86% specific changes of the individual behaviour for coping with these experiences were described. These changes included withdrawal, increasing of interpersonal contact, cognitive control, symptomatic behaviour and adjustment of the neuroleptic medication. The study shows that schizophrenic patients are not passive victims of their disease. In the majority of cases a disease consciousness is present. The patients try to cope with their psychotic experiences in individually different ways. It is assumed that a better knowledge of these strategies might enable the clinician to use these phenomena as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy.
对50名精神分裂症患者进行了半结构化访谈，内容涉及疾病意识、对疾病的关注以及在出现精神病性体验时的行为和应对方式；72%的患者关注自己的疾病。84%的患者有疾病意识；38%的患者对自己的精神病给出了多因素解释。94%的患者承认偶尔会出现精神病性体验。86%的患者描述了为应对这些体验而出现的个体行为的具体变化。这些变化包括退缩、增加人际接触、认知控制、症状性行为以及调整抗精神病药物治疗。该研究表明，精神分裂症患者并非其疾病的被动受害者。在大多数情况下，患者存在疾病意识。患者会尝试以各自不同的方式应对其精神病性体验。据推测，更好地了解这些策略可能会使临床医生能够将这些现象用作药物治疗的辅助手段。
