School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Mol Microbiol. 2012 Jul;85(1):12-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08102.x. Epub 2012 May 31.
There is mounting evidence that there are frequent conflicts between complexes that replicate DNA and those that transcribe the same template, and that these conflicts lead to blockage of replication and genome instability. Such problems are perhaps best understood in bacteria, but it is becoming apparent that replicative barriers associated with transcription are a universal feature of life. This review summarizes what is currently known about how collisions between replisomes and transcription complexes are minimized and the mechanisms that help to resolve such collisions when they do occur. Although our understanding of these processes is still far from complete, a picture is emerging of a wide variety of different types of transcriptional blocks to replication that have resulted in a complex, overlapping system of mechanisms to avoid or tolerate such collisions.
越来越多的证据表明，复制 DNA 的复合物和转录同一模板的复合物之间经常发生冲突，这些冲突会导致复制受阻和基因组不稳定。在细菌中，这些问题可能得到了最好的理解，但现在很明显，与转录相关的复制障碍是生命的普遍特征。这篇综述总结了目前已知的关于如何最小化复制体和转录复合物之间碰撞的方法，以及当碰撞发生时有助于解决这些碰撞的机制。尽管我们对这些过程的理解还远远不够，但已经出现了一幅复杂的、重叠的转录阻断复制的机制图，这些机制导致了一系列避免或容忍这种碰撞的机制。
