Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2012 Aug;75(3):469-76. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.019. Epub 2012 Apr 22.
This paper examined the importance of household and economic contextual factors as determinants of ethnic disparities in adolescent body mass index (BMI). Individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 for the years 1997 through 2000 were combined with economic contextual data on food prices, outlet density and median household income. The Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method was used to examine the factors that could help explain ethnic disparities in BMI. Ethnic differences in household demographic, parental socioeconomic status (SES), and economic contextual factors explained the majority of the male black-white (63%), male Hispanic-white (78%) and female Hispanic-white (62%) BMI gaps but less than one-half of the female black-white BMI gap (44%). We found that adding the economic contextual factors increased the explained portion of the ethnic BMI gap for both female and male adolescents: the economic contextual factors explained 28% and 38% of the black-white and Hispanic-white BMI gaps for males and 13% and 8% of the black-white and Hispanic-white BMI gaps for females, respectively. Parental SES was more important in explaining the Hispanic-white BMI gap than the black-white BMI gap for both genders, whereas neighborhood economic contextual factors were more important in explaining the male BMI gap than the female BMI gap for both black-white and Hispanic-white ethnic disparities. A significantly large portion of the ethnic BMI gap, however, remained unexplained between black and white female adolescents.
本文探讨了家庭和经济背景因素作为决定青少年体重指数（BMI）种族差异的重要因素。将 1997 年至 2000 年全国青年纵向调查的个人层面数据与有关食品价格、网点密度和家庭收入中位数的经济背景数据相结合。利用 Oaxaca-Blinder 分解方法，研究了可能有助于解释 BMI 种族差异的因素。家庭人口统计学、父母社会经济地位（SES）和经济背景因素方面的种族差异解释了男性黑-白（63%）、男性西班牙裔-白（78%）和女性西班牙裔-白（62%）BMI 差距的大部分，但不到女性黑-白 BMI 差距的一半（44%）。我们发现，增加经济背景因素增加了男女青少年种族 BMI 差距的解释部分：经济背景因素分别解释了男性黑-白和西班牙裔-白 BMI 差距的 28%和 38%，以及女性黑-白和西班牙裔-白 BMI 差距的 13%和 8%。对于两性来说，父母 SES 在解释西班牙裔-白 BMI 差距方面比解释黑-白 BMI 差距更为重要，而对于两性的黑-白和西班牙裔-白种族差异，邻里经济背景因素在解释男性 BMI 差距方面比解释女性 BMI 差距更为重要。然而，黑人和白人女性青少年之间的种族 BMI 差距仍然有很大一部分无法解释。
