Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, and Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
Nutrition. 2012 Oct;28(10):1037-43. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.002. Epub 2012 May 16.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of maternal dietary energy types on the mRNA expressions of the placental nutrient transporter and intrauterine fetal growth and to examine whether altered intrauterine fetal growth could be associated with different gene expressions relating to fetal energy metabolism and DNA methylation.
Seventy-two 3-mo-old rats were allocated to one of four groups: low fat/low fiber (L-L), low fat/high fiber, high fat/low fiber (H-L), or high fat/high fiber. Rats were fed the treatment diets 4 wk before mating and continued in pregnancy until sample collections were obtained on days 13.5 and 17.5 of pregnancy.
The fetal weight in the L-L group was significantly lower than that in the H-L group (P < 0.05). The placental nutrient transporter mRNA expressions of glucose transporter-3 (Slc2a3) and cationic amino acid transporter-1 (Slc7a1) in the L-L group with a decreased fetal weight were downregulated compared with that in the H-L group with an increased fetal weight. However, placental Slc2a1 and the system A amino acid transporter gene Slc38a4 mRNA expressions were adaptively upregulated by the L-L diet with a decreased fetal weight (P < 0.05). For the placental imprinted gene Igf-2 and H19 expressions, lower Igf-2 and higher H19 expressions were associated with the decreased fetal growth in the L-L group compared with the H-L group with an increased fetal weight. Different fetal growth was associated with different DNA methyltransferase-1 and methyltransferase-3a expressions (P > 0.05) and energy metabolism-related genes.
Collectively, these results demonstrated that intrauterine fetal growth could be affected by different energy intake types through placenta nutrient transporter gene expressions, and different fetal growths were associated with altered fetal genes related to DNA methylation and energy metabolism.
本研究旨在探讨母体膳食能量类型对胎盘营养转运体 mRNA 表达的影响，以及宫内胎儿生长情况，并探讨宫内胎儿生长的变化是否与与胎儿能量代谢和 DNA 甲基化相关的不同基因表达有关。
72 只 3 月龄大鼠随机分为四组：低脂/低纤维（L-L）、低脂/高纤维、高脂/低纤维（H-L）和高脂/高纤维。大鼠在交配前 4 周开始接受处理饮食，并在妊娠期间继续喂养，直至妊娠第 13.5 和 17.5 天采集样本。
L-L 组的胎重显著低于 H-L 组（P<0.05）。与 H-L 组相比，胎重降低的 L-L 组的胎盘营养转运体葡萄糖转运蛋白-3（Slc2a3）和阳离子氨基酸转运蛋白-1（Slc7a1）mRNA 表达下调。然而，L-L 饮食引起的胎重降低时，胎盘 Slc2a1 和系统 A 氨基酸转运体基因 Slc38a4 的 mRNA 表达适应性上调（P<0.05）。对于胎盘印记基因 Igf-2 和 H19 的表达，与 H-L 组相比，L-L 组的胎重降低与 Igf-2 降低和 H19 升高有关。不同的胎儿生长与不同的 DNA 甲基转移酶-1 和甲基转移酶-3a 表达（P>0.05）和能量代谢相关基因有关。
综上所述，这些结果表明，宫内胎儿生长可能通过胎盘营养转运体基因表达受到不同能量摄入类型的影响，不同的胎儿生长与改变的与 DNA 甲基化和能量代谢相关的胎儿基因有关。
