The University of Edinburgh, Division of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Dermatology Unit, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK.
Vet J. 2012 Aug;193(2):317-25. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.03.027. Epub 2012 May 19.
Ciclosporin A (CsA) has potent immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory activity that has been exploited in human medicine to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs and to manage atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Over the past decade, CsA has been employed more frequently in veterinary dermatology and its value in the management of several canine and feline dermatoses is now well established. CsA inhibits calcineurin phosphatase, suppressing T cell activation and the synthesis of T cell cytokines consequently impairing the activity of B cells, antigen-presenting cells, mast cells, basophils and eosinophils. The pharmacokinetics of CsA are similar in humans, dogs and cats and the drug has a wide safety margin in dogs, cats and rabbits. Adverse effects, principally transient vomiting and soft faeces/diarrhoea, may be seen shortly after instituting treatment but often resolve despite continuing treatment. Gingival hyperplasia and cutaneous effects such as hirsutism may occur after prolonged treatment.
环孢素 A（CsA）具有强大的免疫抑制和免疫调节活性，已在人类医学中被用于预防移植器官排斥反应，并用于治疗特应性皮炎和银屑病。在过去的十年中，CsA 在兽医皮肤病学中得到了更频繁的应用，其在几种犬猫皮肤病治疗中的价值已得到充分证实。CsA 抑制钙调磷酸酶，抑制 T 细胞激活，从而减少 T 细胞细胞因子的合成，进而损害 B 细胞、抗原呈递细胞、肥大细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的功能。CsA 的药代动力学在人类、犬和猫中相似，并且该药物在犬、猫和兔中有很大的安全范围。在开始治疗后不久，可能会出现不良反应，主要是短暂的呕吐和软便/腹泻，但尽管继续治疗，这些不良反应通常会消失。牙龈增生和皮肤毛发过度生长等皮肤效应可能在长期治疗后发生。
