Aleksin D S, Egorov A Iu
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2011;111(11 Pt 2):20-7.
The follow-up study of alcoholic psychoses in male patients admitted to a clinical department of a psychiatric hospital in 2005-2007 was carried out. Patients with alcoholic psychoses made up from 15 to 30% of all patients. The number of psychosis had seasonal variations with the elevations in spring and autumn, peaks in January, lune and October. Alcoholic delirium morbidity made up from 69 to 82% of the total number of alcoholic psychoses, alcoholic hallucinosis varied from 14 to 27%. Other forms were presented by single cases. In alcoholic delirium hallucinations had brighter, sated character. The most specific were visual hallucinations in the form of zoohallucinations, hallucinations of an oral cavity ("sensation of threads, hair etc"). The most often observable characters were "extraneous people, animal, demons". In alcoholic hallucinosis, verbal contrast hallucinations, making comment hallucinations, visual illusions were most frequent. The family history of mental disorders and alcoholism was noted in 30% of patients with alcoholic psychosis. The probability of occurrence of alcoholic psychoses depended on the quality of consumed drinks. The presence of a cranial-brain injury in the anamnesis considerably aggravated the disease forecast and increased the risk of seizure syndrome.
对2005 - 2007年入住一家精神病医院临床科室的男性酒精性精神病患者进行了随访研究。酒精性精神病患者占所有患者的15%至30%。精神病的发病数量有季节性变化,在春季和秋季有所上升,在1月、6月和10月达到峰值。酒精性谵妄的发病率占酒精性精神病总数的69%至82%,酒精性幻觉症占14%至27%。其他形式则为个别病例。在酒精性谵妄中,幻觉具有更鲜明、更充实的特征。最具特异性的是动物幻觉形式的视幻觉、口腔幻觉(“有丝线、毛发等的感觉”)。最常观察到的特征是“陌生人、动物、恶魔”。在酒精性幻觉症中,言语性对立幻觉、评论性幻觉、视错觉最为常见。30%的酒精性精神病患者有精神障碍和酗酒的家族史。酒精性精神病的发生概率取决于所饮用饮料的质量。既往病史中有颅脑损伤会显著加重病情预后并增加癫痫发作综合征的风险。