Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Clinical Management of Cystic Echinococcosis, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2012 Jun;26(2):421-35. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2012.02.001.
Although humans can be definitive hosts for cestodes (tapeworms), major pathologic conditions occur during cestode larval stages when humans serve as the intermediate host for these parasites. The most relevant forms of human disease caused by cestode larvae are echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus granulosus (cystic echinococcosis) and Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar echinococcosis), and cysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium. These infections occur worldwide, but their relevance is particularly high in developing countries, where poor hygiene conditions facilitate the transmission of the parasites. The therapeutic approach is often complex, requiring surgery and/or chemotherapy or, in the case of cystic echinococcosis, percutaneous treatments.
虽然人类可以成为绦虫（带绦虫）的终宿主，但当人类作为这些寄生虫的中间宿主时，主要的病理情况发生在绦虫幼虫阶段。由绦虫幼虫引起的与人类相关的主要疾病形式是囊型包虫病，由细粒棘球绦虫（囊型包虫病）和多房棘球绦虫（泡型包虫病）引起，以及猪带绦虫引起的囊虫病。这些感染在全球范围内发生，但在卫生条件较差的发展中国家，其相关性尤其高，这有利于寄生虫的传播。治疗方法往往很复杂，需要手术和/或化疗，或者在囊型包虫病的情况下，需要进行经皮治疗。
