Liu Huanhuan, Xie Yijia, An Xiaoyu, Xu Dazhuang, Cai Shundong, Chu Chengchao, Liu Gang
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Molecular Theranostic Technology, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Feb 27;15(5):585. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15050585.
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm , is a serious parasitic disease that presents significant health risks and challenges for both patients and healthcare systems. Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential for effective management and improved patient outcomes. This review summarizes the latest diagnostic methods for AE, focusing on serological tests and imaging techniques such as ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Each imaging modality has its strengths and limitations in detecting and characterizing AE lesions, such as their location, size, and invasiveness. US is often the first-line method due to its non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness, but it may have limitations in assessing complex lesions. CT provides detailed anatomical information and is particularly useful for assessing bone involvement and calcification. MRI, with its excellent soft tissue contrast, is superior for delineating the extent of AE lesions and their relationship to adjacent structures. PET/CT combines functional and morphological imaging to provide insights into the metabolic activity of lesions, which is valuable for monitoring treatment response and detecting recurrence. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of a multifaceted diagnostic approach that combines serological and imaging techniques for accurate and early AE diagnosis, which is crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.
泡型包虫病（AE）由绦虫幼虫阶段引起，是一种严重的寄生虫病，给患者和医疗系统带来重大健康风险和挑战。准确及时的诊断对于有效治疗和改善患者预后至关重要。本综述总结了AE的最新诊断方法，重点介绍血清学检测和超声检查（US）、计算机断层扫描（CT）、磁共振成像（MRI）以及正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）等成像技术。每种成像方式在检测和表征AE病变（如病变的位置、大小和侵袭性）方面都有其优势和局限性。由于其无创性和成本效益，US通常是一线方法，但在评估复杂病变时可能存在局限性。CT提供详细的解剖信息，对评估骨受累和钙化特别有用。MRI具有出色的软组织对比度，在描绘AE病变的范围及其与相邻结构的关系方面更具优势。PET/CT将功能成像和形态成像相结合，以深入了解病变的代谢活性，这对于监测治疗反应和检测复发很有价值。总体而言，本综述强调了采用多方面诊断方法的重要性，即将血清学和成像技术相结合以实现AE的准确早期诊断，这对于有效治疗和改善患者预后至关重要。
