McMaster University, Department of Kinesiology, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Meat Sci. 2012 Nov;92(3):174-8. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.04.027. Epub 2012 Apr 28.
From a health perspective, an underappreciated consequence of the normal aging process is the impacts that the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass, termed sarcopenia, has on health beyond an effect on locomotion. Sarcopenia, refers to the loss of muscle mass, and associated muscle weakness, which occurs in aging and is thought to proceed at a rate of approximately 1% loss per year. However, periods of inactivity due to illness or recovery from orthopedic procedures such as hip or knee replacement are times of accelerated sarcopenic muscle loss from which it may be more difficult for older persons to recover. Some of the consequences of age-related sarcopenia are easy to appreciate such as weakness and, eventually, reduced mobility; however, other lesser recognized consequences include, due to the metabolic role the skeletal muscle plays, an increased risk for poor glucose control and a predisposition toward weight gain. What we currently know is that two stimuli can counter this age related muscle loss and these are physical activity, specifically resistance exercise (weightlifting), and nutrition. The focus of this paper is on the types of dietary protein that people might reasonably consume to offset sarcopenic muscle loss.
从健康的角度来看，人们对正常衰老过程中一个被低估的后果认识不足，即骨骼肌逐渐丧失（称为肌肉减少症），除了对运动的影响之外，对健康还有其他影响。肌肉减少症是指随着年龄的增长而发生的肌肉质量和相关肌肉力量的丧失，据认为其发生速度约为每年 1%。然而，由于疾病或骨科手术（如髋关节或膝关节置换术）导致的活动减少，是肌肉减少症加速丧失的时期，老年人从中恢复可能更为困难。与年龄相关的肌肉减少症的一些后果很容易理解，例如虚弱，最终导致活动能力下降；然而，其他不太被认识到的后果包括，由于骨骼肌所起的代谢作用，血糖控制不良的风险增加，以及体重增加的倾向。目前我们所知道的是，有两种刺激可以对抗这种与年龄相关的肌肉丧失，它们是身体活动，特别是抗阻运动（举重）和营养。本文的重点是人们可能合理摄入的各种膳食蛋白质，以抵消肌肉减少症导致的肌肉丧失。
