Clinical Exercise and Rehabilitation Unit, Exercise Health and Performance Research Group, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012 Nov;93(11):1930-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.012. Epub 2012 May 24.
To investigate the effect of shank muscle stimulation on ankle joint excursion during passive and functional electrical stimulation (FES) leg cycling.
Within-subject comparisons.
Laboratory setting.
Well-trained FES cyclists (N=7) with chronic spinal cord injuries.
Two experimental sessions were performed on an isokinetic FES cycle ergometer with a pedal boot that allowed the ankle to plantarflex and dorsiflex during cycling. During the first session, the optimal stimulation timings to induce plantarflexion and dorsiflexion were investigated by systematically altering the stimulation angles of the shank muscles (tibialis anterior [TA] and triceps surae [TS]). During the second session, TA and TS stimulation was included with standard FES cycling (quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteals) for 6 subjects.
Ankle, knee, and hip movements were analyzed using 2-dimensional video.
The ankle excursions during passive cycling were 19°±6°. TA and TS stimulation increased ankle joint excursion up to 33°±10° and 27°±7°, respectively. Compared with passive cycling, ankle joint excursion was not significantly increased during standard FES cycling (24°±7°). TA and TS stimulation significantly increased the ankle excursion when applied during standard FES cycling (41°±4°).
Freeing the ankle joint to rotate during FES cycling was found to be safe. The combination of shank muscle stimulation and repetitive ankle joint movement may be beneficial for improving ankle flexibility and leg conditioning. Further research is required to test and design ankle supports that might maximize the benefits of shank muscle activation.
研究在被动和功能性电刺激（FES）腿部自行车运动期间，刺激小腿肌肉对踝关节活动度的影响。
自身对照比较。
实验室环境。
经过训练的 FES 自行车运动员（n=7），患有慢性脊髓损伤。
在等速 FES 自行车测力计上进行了两次实验，使用带脚踏靴的自行车，使踝关节在自行车运动期间能够跖屈和背屈。在第一次实验中，通过系统改变小腿肌肉（胫骨前肌 [TA] 和小腿三头肌 [TS]）的刺激角度来研究诱导跖屈和背屈的最佳刺激时间。在第二次实验中，对 6 名受试者进行了 TA 和 TS 刺激与标准 FES 自行车运动（股四头肌、腘绳肌和臀肌）的联合。
使用二维视频分析踝关节、膝关节和髋关节运动。
被动骑行时的踝关节活动度为 19°±6°。TA 和 TS 刺激可将踝关节活动度增加到 33°±10°和 27°±7°。与被动骑行相比，标准 FES 自行车运动期间踝关节活动度没有显著增加（24°±7°）。当在标准 FES 自行车运动期间施加 TA 和 TS 刺激时，踝关节活动度显著增加（41°±4°）。
发现 FES 自行车运动期间使踝关节自由旋转是安全的。小腿肌肉刺激与反复踝关节运动相结合可能有益于改善踝关节灵活性和腿部调节能力。需要进一步研究设计踝关节支撑装置，以最大限度地发挥小腿肌肉激活的益处。
