Arbesman Samuel, Christakis Nicholas A
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School.
Physica A. 2011 Jun 1;390(11):2155-2159. doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2011.02.013. Epub 2011 Feb 15.
Previous research has examined how various behaviors scale in cities in relation to their population size. Behavior related to innovation and productivity has been found to increase per capita as the size of the city increases, a phenomenon known as superlinear scaling. Criminal behavior has also been found to scaling superlinearly. Here we examine a variety of prosocial behaviors (e.g., voting and organ donation), which also would be presumed to be categorized into a single class of scaling with population. We find that, unlike productivity and innovation, prosocial behaviors do not scale in a unified manner. We argue how this might be due to the nature of interactions that are distinct for different prosocial behaviors.
先前的研究探讨了城市中各种行为如何随人口规模而变化。研究发现，与创新和生产力相关的行为会随着城市规模的扩大而人均增加，这一现象被称为超线性缩放。犯罪行为也被发现呈超线性缩放。在这里，我们研究了各种亲社会行为（例如投票和器官捐赠），这些行为也可能被归类为与人口相关的单一缩放类别。我们发现，与生产力和创新不同，亲社会行为并非以统一的方式缩放。我们认为，这可能是由于不同亲社会行为所特有的互动性质所致。
