Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Doctor Esquerdo 46, Madrid, Spain.
J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2012 Oct;5(5):618-30. doi: 10.1007/s12265-012-9371-x. Epub 2012 May 30.
Stem cells in adult organs reside in specialized niches that regulate their proliferation and differentiation. Investigations during the last few years have unveiled a regulatory role for blood vessels in these microenvironments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located surrounding capillaries in a variety of tissues and have the capacity to differentiate into different mesodermal lineages. Angiogenic progenitor cells have also been found in the adventitial layer of large vessels. In the bone marrow, endothelial cells control hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) release, and in the brain, blood vessels regulate neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal and neurogenesis. Similarly, perivascular progenitor cells have also been found in the heart. This intimate connection between stem cells and the vasculature contributes to tissue homeostasis and repair. In this review, we focus on the regulation of stem and progenitor cells in different adult niches by blood vessels and the few mechanisms that are known to mediate this interaction.
成体器官中的干细胞位于特定的龛位中，这些龛位调节着它们的增殖和分化。在过去几年的研究中，人们揭示了血管在这些微环境中的调节作用。间充质干细胞（MSCs）位于各种组织的毛细血管周围，具有分化为不同中胚层谱系的能力。在大血管的外膜层中也发现了血管生成祖细胞。在骨髓中，内皮细胞控制造血干细胞（HSC）的释放，而在大脑中，血管调节神经干细胞（NSC）的自我更新和神经发生。同样，心脏中也发现了血管周祖细胞。干细胞与脉管系统之间的这种密切联系有助于组织的稳态和修复。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了血管对不同成体龛位中的干细胞和祖细胞的调节作用，以及已知介导这种相互作用的几种机制。
