Institute for Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Heiglhofstrasse 63, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
Public Health Nutr. 2012 Sep;15(9):1611-9. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012001243. Epub 2012 May 31.
To (i) validate a recently proposed questionnaire tool for the simple assessment of physical activity (PA) in pre-school children by comparison with accelerometry and heart-rate recordings; and (ii) extend the tool by adding more questions to improve validity and to refine the classification from two to three categories (PA low, medium, high).
Baseline data of an intervention evaluation study.
Pre-school children.
Children were categorized as either physically active or non-active, based on their parents' answers to the five-item questionnaire. Activity and heart rate were recorded for 6 d (Actiheart device; CamNtech, Cambridge, UK). Nightly sleeping periods were removed and mean accelerometry counts (MACT), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and time spent in sedentary behaviour (SB) were computed. In a second step, additional questions that improved validity were added, resulting in an extended seven-item questionnaire.
For 748 (90·4 %) of the participating children aged 2·3-6·7 years, the questionnaires were filled out sufficiently for classification. Children classified as physically active showed 9·6 % higher MACT (P < 0·0003), spent more time in MVPA and insignificantly less time in SB. Using the extended questionnaire, children with PA classified as medium (reference: low) showed 11·0 % more MACT, spent 11·8 % more time in MVPA and 4·8 % less time in SB. Children with PA classified as high showed 16·9 % more MACT, spent 20·2 % more time in MVPA and 7·2 % less time in SB.
With validated PA questionnaires for pre-school children lacking, the proposed questionnaire might be a reasonable option to include for PA assessment in epidemiological studies where more elaborate measurements are unavailable.
（i）通过与加速度计和心率记录比较，验证最近提出的用于简单评估学前儿童身体活动（PA）的问卷工具；（ii）通过添加更多问题来扩展该工具，以提高有效性并将分类从两个类别细化为三个类别（PA 低、中、高）。
干预评估研究的基线数据。
学前儿童。
根据父母对五分量表问卷的回答，将儿童分为活跃或不活跃两类。使用 Actiheart 设备（CamNtech，英国剑桥）记录 6 天的活动和心率。去除夜间睡眠时间，并计算平均加速度计计数（MACT）、中等到剧烈强度体力活动（MVPA）时间和久坐行为（SB）时间。在第二步中，添加了提高有效性的附加问题，从而形成了扩展的七分量表问卷。
对于参与研究的 748 名年龄在 2.3-6.7 岁的儿童，有 90.4%的儿童填写了足够的问卷进行分类。被归类为活跃的儿童的 MACT 高出 9.6%（P<0.0003），MVPA 时间更多，SB 时间更少，但无统计学意义。使用扩展的问卷，PA 中等分类（参考：低）的儿童的 MACT 高出 11.0%，MVPA 时间多 11.8%，SB 时间少 4.8%。PA 高分类的儿童的 MACT 高出 16.9%，MVPA 时间多 20.2%，SB 时间少 7.2%。
由于缺乏针对学前儿童的经过验证的 PA 问卷，因此对于无法进行更详细测量的流行病学研究，建议使用该经过验证的问卷作为评估 PA 的合理选择。
