Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Nov;44(11):2057-64. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318260ff92.
Cardiovascular disease is characterized by decreased endothelial function. Chronic exercise training improves endothelial function in individuals with cardiovascular diseases; however, the acute endothelial responses to a single bout of exercise are not consistent in the literature. This study investigated whether a single bout of moderate-intensity endurance exercise (END) and low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (HIT) on a cycle ergometer resulted in similar acute changes in endothelial function.
Ten individuals (66 ± 11 yr) with coronary artery disease (CAD) participated in two exercise sessions (END and HIT). Endothelial-dependent function was assessed using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) preexercise and 60 min postexercise. Brachial artery diameters and velocities were determined using Doppler ultrasound before and after a 5 min ischemic period at all time points. Endothelial-independent function was assessed using a 0.4-mg sublingual dose of nitroglycerin.
The total work performed was higher in END (166 ± 52 kJ) compared with HIT (93 ± 28 kJ) exercise (P < 0.001). Endothelial-dependent function improved (P = 0.01) after END (absolute FMD preexercise, 0.24 ± 0.18 mm; postexercise, 0.31 ± 0.24 mm) and HIT (absolute FMD preexercise, 0.25 ± 0.13 mm; postexercise, 0.29 ± 0.13 mm), with no differences between exercise conditions. A time effect for FMD normalized to the shear rate area under the curve was also observed (P = 0.02) after END (preexercise, 0.005 ± 0.004; postexercise, 0.010 ± 0.011) and HIT (preexercise, 0.005 ± 0.004; postexercise, 0.009 ± 0.011). Endothelial-independent function responses were unchanged after END and HIT (P > 0.05).
HIT and END resulted in similar acute increases in brachial artery endothelial-dependent function in a population with dysfunction at rest, despite the difference in exercise intensities.
心血管疾病的特征是内皮功能下降。慢性运动训练可改善心血管疾病患者的内皮功能；然而，文献中单次运动的急性内皮反应并不一致。本研究旨在探讨在循环测功仪上进行一次中等强度耐力运动（END）和低容量高强度间歇运动（HIT）是否会导致内皮功能产生类似的急性变化。
10 名（66±11 岁）患有冠心病（CAD）的个体参加了两次运动（END 和 HIT）。在运动前和运动后 60 分钟使用肱动脉血流介导的扩张（FMD）评估内皮依赖性功能。在所有时间点，使用多普勒超声在 5 分钟缺血期前后测量肱动脉直径和速度。使用 0.4 毫克舌下硝酸甘油评估内皮非依赖性功能。
END 运动（166±52 kJ）的总工作量明显高于 HIT（93±28 kJ）运动（P＜0.001）。内皮依赖性功能改善（P=0.01），无论是 END（绝对 FMD 运动前，0.24±0.18 mm；运动后，0.31±0.24 mm）还是 HIT（绝对 FMD 运动前，0.25±0.13 mm；运动后，0.29±0.13 mm），两种运动条件之间无差异。FMD 相对于剪切率曲线下面积的时间效应也观察到（P=0.02），无论是 END（运动前，0.005±0.004；运动后，0.010±0.011）还是 HIT（运动前，0.005±0.004；运动后，0.009±0.011）。在 END 和 HIT 后，内皮非依赖性功能反应没有变化（P＞0.05）。
在静息时功能障碍的人群中，HIT 和 END 导致肱动脉内皮依赖性功能的急性增加相似，尽管运动强度不同。
