Massidda M, Corrias L, Ibba G, Scorcu M, Vona G, Calò C M
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012 Jun;52(3):328-34.
The aim of the present paper was to investigate the relationships between polymorphisms in ACTN3, ACE and BDKRB2 genes, soccer performance, and explosive leg-muscle strength in Italian soccer players.
We examined 42 top-level Italian soccer players (S) and 106 sedentary healthy Italians, as a control group (C). χ2 test was used to look for the difference in genotype distribution of ACTN3, ACE and BDKRB2 between groups. The data were evaluated by forward stepwise multiple regression analysis with the Squat Jump (SJ) and Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) as dependent variables, as well as competition level (CL), ACTN-3, ACE and BDKRB2 genotypes as independent variables.
No significant difference was found between groups for ACE, ACTN-3 and BDKRB2 genotype distributions. Forward stepwise multiple regression analysis suggests a significant relationship between a) SJ vs. CL, ACE, and ACTN-3 and b) CMJ vs. CL. For SJ, the multivariate model combining genotypic data and competition level significantly predicted explosive leg-muscle strength in soccer players and variance explained by the function was 23.92%.
An interaction of two polymorphisms (ACE and ACTN-3) might be able to discriminate quantitative traits crucial for the elite soccer performance, however the contribution of genetic factors to soccer performance is not so high.
本文旨在研究意大利足球运动员中ACTN3、ACE和BDKRB2基因多态性、足球表现以及腿部爆发力之间的关系。
我们检测了42名顶级意大利足球运动员（S组）和106名久坐不动的健康意大利人作为对照组（C组）。采用χ2检验寻找两组之间ACTN3、ACE和BDKRB2基因型分布的差异。以深蹲跳（SJ）和反向移动跳（CMJ）为因变量，比赛水平（CL）、ACTN-3、ACE和BDKRB2基因型为自变量，通过向前逐步多元回归分析对数据进行评估。
ACE、ACTN-3和BDKRB2基因型分布在两组之间未发现显著差异。向前逐步多元回归分析表明：a）SJ与CL、ACE和ACTN-3之间以及b）CMJ与CL之间存在显著关系。对于SJ，结合基因型数据和比赛水平的多变量模型显著预测了足球运动员的腿部爆发力，该函数解释的方差为23.92%。
两种多态性（ACE和ACTN-3）的相互作用可能能够区分对精英足球表现至关重要的数量性状，然而遗传因素对足球表现的贡献并不高。
