基因多态性与精英和次精英中国青年男性足球运动员运动表现的关系。
Association between and genes polymorphisms and athletic performance in elite and sub-elite Chinese youth male football players.
机构信息
Department of Physical Education, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nan Jing, China.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Fujian Normal University, Fu Zhou, China.
出版信息
PeerJ. 2023 Mar 24;11:e14893. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14893. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have shown controversial relationships between I/D and R577x polymorphisms and athletic performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess athletic performance indicators of Chinese youth male football players with different ACE and ACTN3 gene profiles.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
This study recruited 73 elite (26 13-year-olds, 28 14-year-olds, and 19 15-year-olds) and 69 sub-elite (37 13-year-olds, 19 14-year-olds, and 13 15-year-olds) and 107 controls (63 13-year-olds, and 44 14-year olds aged 13-15 years, all participants were of Chinese Han origin. We measured height, body mass, thigh circumference, speed, explosive power, repeat sprints ability, and aerobic endurance in elite and sub-elite players. We used single nucleotide polymorphism technology to detect controls elite and sub-elite players' and genotypes, Chi-squared ( ) tests were employed to test for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. tests were also used to observe the association between the genotype distribution and allele frequencies between controls and elite and sub-elite players. The differences in parameters between the groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and a Bonferroni's test, with statistical significance set at ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
(1) The genotype distribution of the I/D and R577x polymorphisms in controls, elite and sub-elite football players were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, except for the genotype distribution of sub-elite players. (2) The RR and DD genotypes were significantly different between elite and sub-elite players ( = 0.024 and = 0.02, respectively). (3) Elite players were more likely to have the RR genotype and less likely to have the DD genotype compared with sub-elite players. (4) Both elite and sub-elite RR players' Yo-yo intermittent recovery level 1 (YYIR1) running distance was significantly longer than that of RX players ( = 0.05 and = 0.025, respectively). However, there was no significantly different in YYIR1 running distance between elite and sub-elite RR players. (5) Elite XX players' VO max was significantly higher than that of RX and sub-elite players.
CONCLUSION
These results indicate that I/D and R577x polymorphisms are not associated with muscle power in Chinese elite and sub-elite players. The XX genotype of ACTN3 is associated with the aerobic endurance of elite players.
背景
先前的研究表明，I/D 和 R577x 多态性与运动表现之间存在争议。因此，本研究旨在评估不同 ACE 和 ACTN3 基因谱的中国青年男性足球运动员的运动表现指标。
方法与材料
本研究招募了 73 名精英（26 名 13 岁，28 名 14 岁，19 名 15 岁）和 69 名次精英（37 名 13 岁，19 名 14 岁，13 名 15 岁）和 107 名对照组（63 名 13 岁，44 名 14 岁，年龄在 13-15 岁之间，所有参与者均为汉族。我们测量了精英和次精英球员的身高、体重、大腿围、速度、爆发力、重复冲刺能力和有氧耐力。我们使用单核苷酸多态性技术检测了对照组、精英和次精英运动员的基因型，采用卡方检验（）检验 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡。还使用检验观察了基因型分布与对照组和精英与次精英运动员之间的等位基因频率之间的关联。使用单因素方差分析和 Bonferroni's 检验分析组间参数差异，统计显著性设为≤0.05。
结果
（1）对照组、精英和次精英足球运动员的 I/D 和 R577x 多态性的基因型分布与 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡一致，除了次精英运动员的基因型分布。（2）RR 和 DD 基因型在精英和次精英运动员之间存在显著差异（=0.024 和=0.02，分别）。（3）与次精英运动员相比，精英运动员更有可能具有 RR 基因型，而不太可能具有 DD 基因型。（4）精英和次精英 RR 运动员的 Yo-yo 间歇性恢复水平 1（YYIR1）跑步距离明显长于 RX 运动员（=0.05 和=0.025，分别）。然而，精英和次精英 RR 运动员之间的 YYIR1 跑步距离没有显著差异。（5）精英 XX 运动员的 VO max 明显高于 RX 和次精英运动员。
结论
这些结果表明，I/D 和 R577x 多态性与中国精英和次精英运动员的肌肉力量无关。ACTN3 的 XX 基因型与精英运动员的有氧耐力有关。
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