Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jul;96(1):36-43. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.035261. Epub 2012 May 30.
The effect of self-serving on young children's energy intake is not well understood.
The objective was to examine individual differences in the effects of plated and self-served entrée portions on children's energy intake.
Two within-subjects experiments were used to examine ad libitum intake at meals in 63 children aged 3-5 y when 400 g of a pasta entrée was either plated or available for children to self-serve. Child age, sex, BMI, and responsiveness to increasing portion size (defined as individual slope estimates relating ad libitum intake of the entrée across a range of entrée portions) were evaluated as predictors of self-served portions.
Children's entrée and meal intakes did not differ between the self-served and plated conditions for the total sample or by child weight status. However, larger self-served entrée portions were associated with greater entrée and meal intakes. Children who served themselves larger entrée portions tended to be overweight and more responsive to portion size (ie, greater increases in entrée intake as plated portion size increased). Last, self-served portion predicted both entrée and meal intake over and above BMI z score and responsiveness to portion.
Contrary to our hypothesis, relative to plated portions, allowing children to self-serve the entrée portion did not reduce energy intake. Children who were more responsive to portion-size effects were likely to self-serve and eat larger entrée portions. Self-serving is not a one-size-fits-all approach; some children may need guidance and rules to learn how to self-select appropriate portion sizes.
自我服务对幼儿能量摄入的影响尚不清楚。
目的是检验 plated 和 self-served 主菜份量对儿童能量摄入的个体差异影响。
使用两个被试内实验，当 400 克意大利面主菜提供 plated 或可让儿童 self-serve 时，检查 63 名 3-5 岁儿童在餐时的随意摄入量。儿童年龄、性别、BMI 和对增加份量的反应性（定义为个体斜率估计值，与在一系列份量中随意摄入主菜相关）被评估为自我服务份量的预测因子。
总样本或按儿童体重状况，自我服务和 plated 条件下儿童的主菜和餐食摄入量没有差异。然而，较大的 self-served 主菜份量与更大的主菜和餐食摄入量相关。自我服务较大主菜份量的儿童往往超重且对份量更敏感（即，随着 plated 份量的增加，主菜摄入量的增加更大）。最后，自我服务份量预测了主菜和餐食摄入量，超过了 BMI z 分数和对份量的反应性。
与我们的假设相反，与 plated 份量相比，允许儿童 self-serve 主菜份量并不会减少能量摄入。对份量效应反应更敏感的儿童可能会 self-serve 并食用更大的主菜份量。自我服务不是一刀切的方法；有些孩子可能需要指导和规则来学习如何自我选择适当的份量。
