饲用甜菜干丝部分替代膨化玉米对育肥牛日粮的营养价值。
Feeding value of dried shredded sugarbeets as a partial replacement for steam-flaked corn in finishing diets for feedlot cattle.
机构信息
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
出版信息
J Anim Sci. 2012 Jun;90(6):1892-7. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4477.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the comparative feeding value of dried shredded sugarbeets (DSSB; 0, 20, and 40% of diet DM) as a replacement for steam-flaked corn (SFC) in finishing diets for feedlot cattle. In Exp. 1, 60 calf-fed Holstein steers (476 ± 6.3 kg) were used in a 97-d finishing trial. Substitution of SFC with DSSB did not affect ADG or DMI (P > 0.20). Increasing DSSB decreased gain efficiency (ADG:DMI; linear effect, P = 0.04) and dietary NE (linear effect, P = 0.03). Given that SFC has a NE(m) value of 2.38 Mcal/kg, the replacement NE(m) and NE(g) values for DSSB were 1.94 and 1.29 Mcal/kg, respectively. There were no treatment effects (P > 0.20) on carcass characteristics. In Exp. 2, 6 cannulated Holstein steers (205 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design to evaluate treatment effects on digestion. Ruminal digestion of starch, NDF, and feed N were not affected (P > 0.10) by DSSB, although ruminal OM digestion tended to increase (linear effect, P < 0.08). Replacing SFC with DSSB decreased flow of starch to the small intestine, but it increased flow of microbial N (linear effect, P = 0.05). There were no treatment effects (P > 0.14) on postruminal digestion of OM, NDF, starch, or feed N or total tract digestion of OM, starch, and N. Substitution of DSSB increased (linear effect, P = 0.05) total tract NDF digestion and decreased (linear effect, P = 0.05) dietary DE (Mcal/kg). Given that SFC has a DE value of 4.19 Mcal/kg, the replacement DE value of DSSB was 3.68 Mcal/kg. There were no treatment effects (P > 0.12) on ruminal pH or total VFA; however, DSSB decreased propionate (linear effect, P = 0.05) and increased acetate (linear effect, P = 0.07), butyrate (linear effect, P = 0.05), valerate (linear effect, P = 0.04), and estimated methane production (linear effect, P = 0.05). We concluded that DSSB may replace SFC in finishing diets at levels of up to 40% without detrimental effects on ADG and carcass characteristics. The NE value of DSSB is 82% that of SFC (DM basis). Partial replacement of SFC with DSSB alters ruminal VFA patterns, increasing estimated methane energy loss and slightly decreasing the efficiency of DE utilization.
进行了两项实验来评估干切糖甜菜（DSSB；日粮干物质的 0、20 和 40%）作为替代蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）在育肥牛日粮中的比较饲养价值。在实验 1 中，使用 60 头荷斯坦犊牛（476±6.3kg）进行 97 天的育肥试验。用 DSSB 替代 SFC 不会影响 ADG 或 DMI（P＞0.20）。DSSB 用量的增加降低了增重效率（ADG：DMI；线性效应，P=0.04）和饲粮 NE（线性效应，P=0.03）。鉴于 SFC 的 NE(m)值为 2.38 Mcal/kg，DSSB 的替代 NE(m)和 NE(g)值分别为 1.94 和 1.29 Mcal/kg。处理对胴体特性没有影响（P＞0.20）。在实验 2 中，使用 6 头有瘘管的荷斯坦公牛（205kg）进行重复 3×3 拉丁方设计，以评估处理对消化的影响。DSSB 对淀粉、NDF 和饲料 N 的瘤胃消化没有影响（P＞0.10），尽管瘤胃 OM 消化有增加的趋势（线性效应，P＜0.08）。用 DSSB 替代 SFC 减少了淀粉向小肠的流量，但增加了微生物 N 的流量（线性效应，P=0.05）。处理对 OM、NDF、淀粉或饲料 N 的后肠道消化或 OM、淀粉和 N 的全肠道消化没有影响（P＞0.14）。DSSB 的替代增加了全肠道 NDF 消化（线性效应，P=0.05），降低了饲粮 DE（Mcal/kg）（线性效应，P=0.05）。鉴于 SFC 的 DE 值为 4.19 Mcal/kg，DSSB 的替代 DE 值为 3.68 Mcal/kg。处理对瘤胃 pH 或总 VFA 没有影响；然而，DSSB 降低了丙酸（线性效应，P=0.05），增加了乙酸（线性效应，P=0.07）、丁酸（线性效应，P=0.05）、戊酸（线性效应，P=0.04）和估计的甲烷产量（线性效应，P=0.05）。我们得出结论，DSSB 可以在育肥日粮中替代高达 40%的 SFC，而不会对 ADG 和胴体特性产生不利影响。DSSB 的 NE 值是 SFC（干物质基础）的 82%。用 DSSB 部分替代 SFC 会改变瘤胃 VFA 模式，增加估计的甲烷能量损失，并略微降低 DE 利用效率。
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