Tsang Sandra K M, Hui Eadaoin K P, Law Bella C M
Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:529691. doi: 10.1100/2012/529691. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
Identity is a core construct in psychology because it refers to how a person addresses issues dealing with who that person is. Important theorists studying the concept of identity, like Erikson, Marcia, and Higgins, assert that identity is organized,is learned, and is dynamic, and a subjective evaluation of an individual's identity has emotional consequences for that individual. Adolescents who can cultivate a clear and positive identity after their developmental struggles during adolescence often advance more smoothly into adulthood. This paper reviews literature on the nature and structure of identity and examines its importance on adolescent developmental outcomes. It traces significant determinants of identity and proposes strategies for cultivation of positive identity. Observations on current research gaps in the study of identity and future research directions will also be discussed.
身份认同是心理学中的一个核心概念，因为它关乎一个人如何处理有关自身是谁的问题。研究身份认同概念的重要理论家，如埃里克森、马西亚和希金斯，都认为身份认同是有组织的、习得的且具有动态性，对个体身份认同的主观评价会对该个体产生情感上的影响。那些在青春期经历成长挣扎后能培养出清晰且积极身份认同的青少年，往往能更顺利地步入成年期。本文回顾了关于身份认同的本质和结构的文献，并探讨了其对青少年发展结果的重要性。文章追溯了身份认同的重要决定因素，并提出了培养积极身份认同的策略。此外，还将讨论对身份认同研究中当前研究空白的观察以及未来的研究方向。
