Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Acta Naturae. 2011 Oct;3(4):38-54.
NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH, EC 1.2.1.2) widely occurs in nature. FDH consists of two identical subunits and contains neither prosthetic groups nor metal ions. This type of FDH was found in different microorganisms (including pathogenic ones), such as bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and plants. As opposed to microbiological FDHs functioning in cytoplasm, plant FDHs localize in mitochondria. Formate dehydrogenase activity was first discovered as early as in 1921 in plant; however, until the past decade FDHs from plants had been considerably less studied than the enzymes from microorganisms. This review summarizes the recent results on studying the physiological role, properties, structure, and protein engineering of plant formate dehydrogenases.
NAD(+)-依赖性甲酸盐脱氢酶（FDH，EC 1.2.1.2）广泛存在于自然界中。FDH 由两个相同的亚基组成，既不含有辅基也不含有金属离子。这种类型的 FDH 存在于不同的微生物（包括致病性微生物）中，如细菌、酵母、真菌和植物。与在细胞质中发挥作用的微生物 FDH 相反，植物 FDH 定位于线粒体中。早在 1921 年就在植物中发现了甲酸盐脱氢酶活性；然而，直到过去十年，植物 FDH 的研究都远远少于微生物酶。本综述总结了近年来关于研究植物甲酸盐脱氢酶的生理作用、性质、结构和蛋白质工程的研究结果。
