Van Ditzhuijzen N S, Van Beusekom H M M, Ligthart J M R, Regar E
Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Minerva Cardioangiol. 2012 Jun;60(3):305-29.
Coronary atherosclerosis has a high prevalence and is known as the leading cause of death worldwide. Clinically, coronary atherosclerosis is routinely evaluated by coronary angiography, which provides a luminogram of the coronary artery and allows for recognizing lumen narrowing. However, angiography does not allow for the direct assessment of the disease process within the coronary vessel wall. Today, a number of catheter-based imaging methods can overcome this shortcoming and provide physicians with additional information on specific morphological components of atherosclerotic lesions. This article discusses the abilities of intravascular imaging techniques such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), IVUS-VH, iMAP, integrated backscatter-IVUS, intravascular optical coherence tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy and angioscopy, to diagnose coronary atherosclerosis and their potential to guide clinical decision making.
冠状动脉粥样硬化患病率很高，是全球已知的主要死因。临床上，冠状动脉粥样硬化通常通过冠状动脉造影进行评估，冠状动脉造影可提供冠状动脉的造影图并有助于识别管腔狭窄。然而，血管造影无法直接评估冠状动脉血管壁内的疾病进程。如今，一些基于导管的成像方法可以克服这一缺点，并为医生提供有关动脉粥样硬化病变特定形态学成分的额外信息。本文讨论了血管内成像技术，如血管内超声（IVUS）、IVUS-VH、iMAP、集成背向散射-IVUS、血管内光学相干断层扫描、近红外光谱和血管镜，在诊断冠状动脉粥样硬化方面的能力及其指导临床决策的潜力。
