Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Dermatitis. 2012 Mar-Apr;23(2):81-5. doi: 10.1097/DER.0b013e31823d1aae.
An update of the information about the prevailing trend of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) is important for clinicians.
The objective of the study was to survey the prevalence of CADRs in Southwest China over the past 11 years.
The clinical and laboratory data of all inpatients admitted with a diagnosis of CADRs to the dermatology ward of Southwest Hospital during the past 11 years were retrospectively investigated.
In the 547 recruited patients, the most common clinical pattern was maculopapular eruptions (n = 277), followed by fixed drug eruptions (n = 84) and acute urticaria (n = 44). In 206 cases with single medication intake, the 3 most common culprit drugs were acetaminophen (n = 44), penicillins (n = 44), and cephalosporins (n = 30). The frequency of urticaria in the elderly (≥60 years old) (n = 117) was significantly lower than that in younger patients (<60 years old) (n = 430) (P = 0.046), whereas erythema multiforme was much more common in the elderly (P = 0.038). As compared with younger patients, allopurinol was the most common culprit drug in the elderly.
In contrast to previous studies, our study showed that the prevalence profiles of CADRs in the elderly are quite different from those in younger population. Acetaminophen was the most common culprit drug for total CADRs, which should be alerted as an important public health problem.
更新关于皮肤不良反应（CADR）流行趋势的信息对临床医生很重要。
本研究旨在调查过去 11 年来中国西南地区 CADR 的患病率。
回顾性调查了过去 11 年来西南医院皮肤科病房因 CADR 住院的所有患者的临床和实验室数据。
在 547 名入选患者中，最常见的临床类型是斑丘疹（n = 277），其次是固定性药疹（n = 84）和急性荨麻疹（n = 44）。在 206 例单一药物摄入的病例中，最常见的三种罪魁祸首药物是对乙酰氨基酚（n = 44）、青霉素（n = 44）和头孢菌素（n = 30）。老年（≥60 岁）患者（n = 117）荨麻疹的发生率明显低于年轻患者（<60 岁）（n = 430）（P = 0.046），而老年人多形红斑更为常见（P = 0.038）。与年轻患者相比，别嘌呤醇是老年患者中最常见的罪魁祸首药物。
与以往研究相比，本研究表明，老年 CADR 的患病率特征与年轻人群明显不同。对乙酰氨基酚是所有 CADR 的最常见罪魁祸首药物，应引起重视，将其作为一个重要的公共卫生问题。
