Hill Heather D
University of Chicago.
Soc Serv Rev. 2012 Mar;86(1):37-67. doi: 10.1086/665618.
In some states, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program offers the equivalent of paid maternity leave without job protection to low-income, single mothers of infants. Age-of-youngest-child (AYC) exemptions waive work requirements for TANF recipients after the birth of a child, generally for 3-12 months, depending on the state. This study uses data from the Current Population Survey (1998-2008) to examine whether the availability and length of AYC exemptions are predictive of rates of employment, work, and full-time work among low-educated single mothers with infants. The analysis uses the difference-in-differences (DD) technique, a comparison of outcomes under different policy treatments and between treatment and comparison groups. The results suggest that AYC exemptions are not related to employment or work rates but that living in a state with no AYC exemption is strongly and positively associated with rates of full-time work among low-educated mothers with infants.
在一些州，“贫困家庭临时援助”（TANF）项目为低收入的单亲婴儿母亲提供相当于带薪产假但无工作保障的福利。最小子女年龄（AYC）豁免规定使TANF受助者在孩子出生后可免除工作要求，通常为3至12个月，具体时长因州而异。本研究使用当前人口调查（1998 - 2008年）的数据，来检验AYC豁免规定的可用性和时长是否能预测有婴儿的低学历单亲母亲的就业、工作及全职工作比率。该分析采用了差分法（DD）技术，即比较不同政策处理下以及处理组与对照组之间的结果。结果表明，AYC豁免规定与就业或工作比率无关，但对于有婴儿的低学历母亲而言，生活在没有AYC豁免规定的州与全职工作比率呈强烈正相关。
