Quanqi Li, Yuhai Chen, Xunbo Zhou, Songlie Yu, Changcheng Guo
College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:476272. doi: 10.1100/2012/476272. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
In north China, double cropping of winter wheat and summer maize is a widely adopted agricultural practice, and irrigation is required to obtain a high yield from winter wheat, which results in rapid aquifer depletion. In this experiment conducted in 2001-2002, 2002-2003, and 2004-2005, we studied the effects of irrigation regimes during specific winter wheat growing stage with winter wheat and summer maize double cropping systems; we measured soil moisture before sowing (SMBS), the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) capture ratio, grain yield, and the radiation use efficiency (RUE) of summer maize. During the winter wheat growing season, irrigation was applied at the jointing, heading, or milking stage, respectively. The results showed that increased amounts of irrigation and irrigation later in the winter wheat growing season improved SMBS for summer maize. The PAR capture ratio significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) increased with increased SMBS, primarily in the 3 spikes leaves. With improved SMBS, both the grain yield and RUE increased in all the treatments. These results indicate that winter wheat should be irrigated in later stages to achieve reasonable grain yield for both crops.
在中国北方，冬小麦和夏玉米一年两熟是广泛采用的农业种植模式，冬小麦高产需要灌溉，这导致地下水位迅速下降。在2001 - 2002年、2002 - 2003年和2004 - 2005年进行的本试验中，我们研究了冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟种植模式下，冬小麦特定生育期灌溉制度的影响；测定了夏玉米播种前土壤湿度（SMBS）、光合有效辐射（PAR）截获率、籽粒产量和辐射利用效率（RUE）。在冬小麦生长季，分别在拔节期、抽穗期或灌浆期进行灌溉。结果表明，冬小麦生长季灌溉量增加及灌溉时间推迟，提高了夏玉米播种前土壤湿度。光合有效辐射截获率随土壤湿度增加显著（LSD，P < 0.05）提高，主要体现在3片穗叶。随着土壤湿度改善，各处理的籽粒产量和辐射利用效率均增加。这些结果表明，冬小麦应在生育后期进行灌溉，以实现两种作物的合理籽粒产量。
