IMGT® the international ImMunoGenetics information system® Université Montpellier 2, Laboratoire d'ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire, Institut de Génétique Humaine, UPR CNRS Montpellier, France.
Front Genet. 2012 May 23;3:79. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00079. eCollection 2012.
Immunogenetics is the science that studies the genetics of the immune system and immune responses. Owing to the complexity and diversity of the immune repertoire, immunogenetics represents one of the greatest challenges for data interpretation: a large biological expertise, a considerable effort of standardization and the elaboration of an efficient system for the management of the related knowledge were required. IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system® (http://www.imgt.org) has reached that goal through the building of a unique ontology, IMGT-ONTOLOGY, which represents the first ontology for the formal representation of knowledge in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics. IMGT-ONTOLOGY manages the immunogenetics knowledge through diverse facets that rely on the seven axioms of the Formal IMGT-ONTOLOGY or IMGT-Kaleidoscope: "IDENTIFICATION," "DESCRIPTION," "CLASSIFICATION," "NUMEROTATION," "LOCALIZATION," "ORIENTATION," and "OBTENTION." The concepts of identification, description, classification, and numerotation generated from the axioms led to the elaboration of the IMGT(®) standards that constitute the IMGT Scientific chart: IMGT®standardized keywords (concepts of identification), IMGT® standardized labels (concepts of description), IMGT® standardized gene and allele nomenclature (concepts of classification) and IMGT unique numbering and IMGT Collier de Perles (concepts of numerotation). IMGT-ONTOLOGY has become the global reference in immunogenetics and immunoinformatics for the knowledge representation of immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, T cell receptors (TR), and major histocompatibility (MH) proteins of humans and other vertebrates, proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and MH superfamily (MhSF), related proteins of the immune system (RPI) of vertebrates and invertebrates, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), fusion proteins for immune applications (FPIA), and composite proteins for clinical applications (CPCA).
免疫遗传学是研究免疫系统和免疫反应遗传的科学。由于免疫库的复杂性和多样性，免疫遗传学是数据解释面临的最大挑战之一：需要大量的生物学专业知识、相当大的标准化努力以及开发有效的相关知识管理系统。
国际免疫遗传学信息系统（http://www.imgt.org）简称 IMGT®，通过构建独特的 IMGT-ONTOLOGY 本体，实现了这一目标，它是免疫遗传学和免疫信息学中知识形式化表示的第一个本体。IMGT-ONTOLOGY 通过依赖于正式 IMGT-ONTOLOGY 或 IMGT-Kaleidoscope 的七个公理的不同方面来管理免疫遗传学知识：“标识”、“描述”、“分类”、“编号”、“定位”、“取向”和“获得”。从公理中产生的标识、描述、分类和编号的概念导致了 IMGT(®) 标准的制定，这些标准构成了 IMGT 科学图表：IMGT®标准化关键词（标识概念）、IMGT®标准化标签（描述概念）、IMGT®标准化基因和等位基因命名（分类概念）和 IMGT 唯一编号和 IMGT 珠饰（编号概念）。
IMGT-ONTOLOGY 已成为免疫遗传学和免疫信息学中用于表示人类和其他脊椎动物的免疫球蛋白 (IG) 或抗体、T 细胞受体 (TR) 和主要组织相容性 (MH) 蛋白、免疫球蛋白超家族 (IgSF) 和 MH 超家族 (MhSF)、脊椎动物和无脊椎动物免疫系统相关蛋白 (RPI)、治疗性单克隆抗体 (mAbs)、免疫应用融合蛋白 (FPIA) 和临床应用复合蛋白 (CPCA) 的知识表示的全球参考。
