Morganti J B, Nehrke M F, Hulicka I M
Psychology Department, SUCNY, Buffalo 14222.
Exp Aging Res. 1990 Spring-Summer;16(1-2):25-33. doi: 10.1080/03610739008253871.
While important positive effects on the psychological and physical well-being of the elderly often result from increased perceived and actual personal control, the literature also reflects many inconsistent findings. The lack of consensus on aging and the psychology of control has been variously attributed to differences in methodology, measurement devices, theoretical assumptions and the impact of moderator variables. To help bring order to this area the present study evaluated the Latitude of Choice model to determine whether Latitude of Choice scores differ across living arrangements, gender or age. Analysis of covariance tests, controlling for measures of education, perceived health and economic satisfaction, yielded significant main effects but no significant interactions. Partial correlations between Latitude of Choice and measures of psychological well-being, for the total sample and each of the main effect samples, were all significant. These findings provide substantive support for the theoretical approach that underlies Latitude of Choice as a measure of personal control of everyday activities and the potential value of personal control as a moderator of well-being in different environments.
虽然老年人对个人控制的认知和实际控制的增加往往会对其心理和身体健康产生重要的积极影响，但文献中也反映出许多不一致的研究结果。关于衰老和控制心理缺乏共识，这在不同程度上归因于研究方法、测量工具、理论假设以及调节变量的影响。为了帮助梳理这一领域，本研究评估了选择自由度模型，以确定选择自由度得分在不同生活安排、性别或年龄之间是否存在差异。协方差分析检验在控制了教育程度、感知健康和经济满意度等指标后，产生了显著的主效应，但没有显著的交互作用。选择自由度与心理幸福感指标之间的偏相关，对于总样本以及每个主效应样本而言，均具有显著性。这些发现为作为日常活动个人控制度量的选择自由度所基于的理论方法，以及个人控制作为不同环境中幸福感调节因素的潜在价值，提供了实质性支持。
