Oei T P, Hokin D, Young R M
Department of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
Int J Addict. 1990 Jun;25(6):641-51. doi: 10.3109/10826089009061325.
The discrepancy between personal alcohol-related statements and general beliefs regarding alcohol was investigated in a community sample of 283 social drinkers. Discriminant analysis showed that subjects perceived themselves as significantly less dependent than others. "Self" statement responses accurately predicted drinking behavior, as measured by consumption; however, general statements did so less effectively. Medium-heavy drinkers considered others to be dependent on alcohol to change aversive events, suggesting that a self-fulfilling bias may have distorted their perception. For most drinkers the self-other discrepancy seemed best explained by media and societal influences rather than by a self-fulfilling bias model.
在一个由283名社交饮酒者组成的社区样本中，研究了个人与酒精相关的陈述和关于酒精的一般信念之间的差异。判别分析表明，受试者认为自己的依赖性明显低于其他人。“自我”陈述的回答能够准确预测饮酒行为，以饮酒量衡量；然而，一般陈述的预测效果较差。中度至重度饮酒者认为其他人依赖酒精来改变厌恶事件，这表明自我实现偏差可能扭曲了他们的认知。对于大多数饮酒者来说，自我与他人的差异似乎最好由媒体和社会影响来解释，而不是由自我实现偏差模型来解释。
