University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohrgasse 9/3, Vienna, Austria.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2012 Aug;24(4):496-501. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2012.05.001. Epub 2012 Jun 2.
Autophagy is an intracellular pathway for the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic substances such as cytosol, protein aggregates and organelles. Autophagy is characterized by the formation of double-membrane bound vesicles called autophagosomes, which engulf the cargo and transport it to the vacuole/lysosome for breakdown and recycling. Even though several proteins in this pathway have been identified, little is known about the mechanism of action of these proteins during autophagosome biogenesis. In this review we briefly discuss recent findings on the molecular players and mechanisms involved in autophagosome formation. In particular, we will focus on the mechanisms regulating membrane recruitment as well as membrane remodeling during autophagosome formation.
自噬是一种细胞内途径，用于批量降解细胞质物质，如细胞质、蛋白质聚集体和细胞器。自噬的特征是形成双层膜结合的囊泡，称为自噬体，自噬体吞噬货物并将其运输到液泡/溶酶体进行分解和再循环。尽管已经鉴定出该途径中的几种蛋白质，但对于这些蛋白质在自噬体生物发生过程中的作用机制知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们简要讨论了自噬体形成过程中涉及的分子参与者和机制的最新发现。特别是，我们将重点讨论调节自噬体形成过程中膜募集和重塑的机制。
