Mitchell Rebecca, Curtis Kate, Fisher Murray
University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Trauma Nurs. 2012 Apr-Jun;19(2):80-8. doi: 10.1097/JTN.0b013e3182562955.
Predominantly, males have a higher risk of injury mortality and morbidity than females. However, less is known about gender differences for injury and trauma outcome at a regional level. The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiologic profile and trauma outcomes of males and females at a level 1 trauma center to inform local injury prevention efforts. A retrospective review was conducted of injuries identified from the trauma registry of the New South Wales St George Public Hospital during January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2008. There were 6763 major trauma presentations, and 65.1% of these were of males. Males had a higher proportion of trauma presentations in each age group, except for those younger than 15 years, 45 to 54 years, and older than 65 years. Almost all presentations were as a result of unintentional injuries. However, 8% of males were victims of assault compared with 2% of females. Males were more likely to be injured while working and during leisure or sports activities and at sporting, farming, home, trade, and industrial locations than females. Males were more likely to be more severely injured than females and generally had a longer hospital length of stay. There was no significant difference in the rate of mortality between the genders. There are distinct differences between the sexes regarding the mechanism and severity of injury and trauma outcomes. Local injury prevention initiatives should be targeted to address gender differences. Future social research should examine the interplay of the construction of masculinities with male injury.
总体而言，男性受伤导致死亡和发病的风险高于女性。然而，在区域层面上，关于伤害和创伤结果的性别差异，人们了解得较少。本研究的目的是在一家一级创伤中心检查男性和女性的流行病学概况及创伤结果，为当地的伤害预防工作提供信息。对2004年1月1日至2008年12月31日期间从新南威尔士州圣乔治公立医院创伤登记处识别出的伤害进行了回顾性研究。共有6763例重大创伤病例，其中65.1%为男性。除了15岁以下、45至54岁以及65岁以上的人群外，男性在每个年龄组中的创伤病例比例都更高。几乎所有病例都是由意外伤害导致的。然而，8%的男性是袭击的受害者，而女性这一比例为2%。与女性相比，男性在工作、休闲或体育活动期间以及在体育、农业、家庭、贸易和工业场所更容易受伤。男性比女性更容易受到更严重的伤害，并且通常住院时间更长。两性之间的死亡率没有显著差异。在伤害机制、严重程度以及创伤结果方面，两性之间存在明显差异。当地的伤害预防举措应针对解决性别差异。未来的社会研究应考察男性气质的建构与男性伤害之间的相互作用。
