Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012 May;72(5):1356-62. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e318250b537.
The effect of helmet use in the prevention of head injury has been clearly shown. However, the relationship between helmet compliance and other bodily (noncranial) injury has not been explored, yet may have important impact on strategies for injury prevention. The purpose of this study was to examine helmet use in an injured population to evaluate its association with noncranial trauma.
All entries in the Canadian National Trauma Registry were surveyed from 2000 to 2004 and limited to injuries sustained in recreational sports associated with helmet use.
Over the 5-year period, 2,205 injuries met inclusion criteria. Cycling-related injuries were most frequent (43.5%). Alcohol consumption correlated significantly with lack of helmet use. Nonhelmeted individuals suffered significantly more noncranial injuries (85% vs. 68%, p < 0.0001) and had twice as many severe head injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8) (odds ratio [OR]: 2.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-3.37) or any abnormal Glasgow Coma Scale score (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.55-2.47). While controlling for age, sex, or type of sport activity performed, multivariate regression confirmed a reduction in associated noncranial injuries when helmets were used (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.89).
Within an injured population from sports-related activities, helmet use is associated with fewer noncranial injuries of all types suggesting reduced overall risk of injury in this group. In addition, use of helmets is associated with less frequent and less severe head injury. Alcohol consumption is related to increased risk of injury and is more prevalent in injured individuals who abstain from helmet use.
III, prognostic study.
头盔在预防头部受伤方面的效果已得到明确证实。然而，头盔的使用与其他身体（非头部）损伤之间的关系尚未得到探索，但可能对伤害预防策略有重要影响。本研究的目的是检查受伤人群中的头盔使用情况，以评估其与非头部创伤的关系。
对 2000 年至 2004 年期间加拿大国家创伤登记处的所有记录进行了调查，仅限于与头盔使用相关的娱乐性运动中发生的损伤。
在 5 年期间，有 2205 例损伤符合纳入标准。与自行车相关的损伤最常见（43.5%）。饮酒与头盔使用不当显著相关。未戴头盔的个体遭受更多的非头部损伤（85%比 68%，p < 0.0001），且严重头部损伤（格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分≤8）或任何异常格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分的发生率也更高（比值比[OR]：2.13，95%置信区间[CI]：1.35-3.37）。在控制年龄、性别或进行的运动类型后，多元回归证实，当使用头盔时，与非头部损伤相关的风险降低（OR：0.86，95% CI：0.83-0.89）。
在与运动相关的活动导致的受伤人群中，头盔的使用与各种非头部损伤的发生率降低有关，这表明该组的总体受伤风险降低。此外，头盔的使用与较少发生且较不严重的头部损伤有关。饮酒与受伤风险增加有关，并且在不使用头盔的受伤个体中更为普遍。
III 级，预后研究。
