新西兰药剂师在无处方使用抗生素方面的经验、做法及观点。

New Zealand pharmacists' experiences, practices and views regarding antibiotic use without prescription.

作者信息

Dameh Majd, Norris Pauline, Green James

机构信息

School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

出版信息

J Prim Health Care. 2012 Jun 1;4(2):131-40.

PMID:22675697

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Very few studies have investigated pharmacists' views, experiences and practices regarding the use of antibiotics without prescription. This study aimed to explore through self-report and hypothetical scenarios what factors determine New Zealand pharmacists' behaviour and attitudes towards non-prescription use of antibiotics.

METHODS

A purposeful sample of 35 registered community pharmacists of differing ethnic backgrounds was selected from a mixture of pharmacies that predominantly either serve New Zealand European customers or customers of other ethnicities. Semi-structured interviews including general background questions and six hypothetical scenarios were used for the investigation. Pharmacists' ethnicity, education, years of experience, and customers' ethnicity may influence their views, experiences and practices regarding the use of antibiotics without prescription. Customer demand or expectation, business orientation and competitiveness within community pharmacies, standards and practice of fellow pharmacists, ethics and professionalism, legislation, enforcement of the legislation, and apprehension of the consequences of such practice were hypothesised to have an effect on antibiotic use or supply without prescription by pharmacists.

FINDINGS

The supply of antibiotics without prescription is not common practice in New Zealand. However, personal use of antibiotics without prescription by pharmacists may have been underestimated. Pharmacists were aware of legalities surrounding selling and using antibiotics and practised accordingly, yet many used antibiotics without prescription to treat themselves and/or spouses or partners. Many pharmacists also reported that under certain legislative, and regulatory and situational conditions they would sell antibiotics without a prescription.

CONCLUSION

Views and practices regarding antibiotic use without prescription by community pharmacists require further exploration.

摘要

引言

很少有研究调查药剂师对于无处方使用抗生素的看法、经历和做法。本研究旨在通过自我报告和假设情景来探究哪些因素决定新西兰药剂师对于非处方使用抗生素的行为和态度。

方法

从主要服务新西兰欧洲裔顾客或其他族裔顾客的不同药店中，有目的地抽取了35名不同种族背景的注册社区药剂师作为样本。调查采用半结构化访谈，包括一般背景问题和六个假设情景。药剂师的种族、教育程度、工作年限以及顾客的种族可能会影响他们对于无处方使用抗生素的看法、经历和做法。假设顾客需求或期望、社区药店的商业导向和竞争力、同行药剂师的标准和做法、道德和专业素养、立法、立法的执行以及对这种做法后果的担忧会对药剂师无处方使用或供应抗生素产生影响。