Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognition and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Biol Psychol. 2013 Mar;92(3):480-91. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.05.010. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
Recent findings suggest the processing of emotional stimuli is prioritized compared to neutral stimuli; however, it is not necessarily automatic and depends on several modulating factors. The current paper highlights three major factors that affect the reactions to emotional stimuli: (i) stimulus properties, (ii) task demands and attention, and (iii) individual characteristics. The evidence reviewed here suggests that individual characteristics shape the structure, function and connectivity within a neural network that is involved in the reactions to emotional stimuli. This neural network includes regions related to emotion and attention, in line with evidence for reciprocal connections between these two processes. Activation in this network further depends on the emotional value of a certain item, as well as physical features of the stimulus. This integrative view can lead to better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of emotional reactions, as well as better therapeutic approaches.
最近的研究结果表明，与中性刺激相比，情绪刺激的处理被优先考虑；然而，这种处理不一定是自动的，而是取决于几个调节因素。本文强调了影响情绪刺激反应的三个主要因素：（i）刺激特性，（ii）任务要求和注意力，以及（iii）个体特征。这里回顾的证据表明，个体特征塑造了参与情绪刺激反应的神经网络的结构、功能和连接。这个神经网络包括与情绪和注意力相关的区域，这与这两个过程之间的相互联系的证据一致。该网络的激活进一步取决于某个项目的情绪价值以及刺激的物理特征。这种综合观点可以帮助我们更好地理解情绪反应的潜在机制，并提出更好的治疗方法。
