Department of Surgery, General Hospital, Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Int J Surg. 2012;10(7):364-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2012.05.016. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
We sought to evaluate selected risk factors for development of inguinal hernia in adult male Nigerians in a hospital based case control study. The aim was to identify the risks for this condition in our population. This may assist in instituting appropriate preventive measures towards early detection and treatment.
All male patients aged 18 years and above who presented with primary inguinal hernia at the General Surgical clinic of Ikorodu General Hospital between April 2009 and March 2011 were enrolled into the study as cases. Control subjects were selected randomly from the general out-patient clinic. Participants were interviewed during their first clinic attendance using a standardised questionnaire to record their bio-data and the presence or absence of the risk factors. All study cases had hernia repair and the type of hernia, whether indirect or direct was determined and documented. SPSS version 15.0 was used in the statistical analysis and the risk factors among the cases and controls were compared using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
A total number of 404 male patients were interviewed. Two hundred and two were the cases while the remaining 202 were the controls. Significant risk factors for inguinal hernia were positive family history of inguinal hernia (p < 0.001 and strenuous work activities (p < 0.001). Among the cases, 132 (65.3%) had indirect hernia while the remaining 70 (34.7%) had direct hernia. Positive family history (p = 0.011) and straining during urination or defecation (p = 0.047) were the factors significantly associated with the type of hernia.
Family history of inguinal hernia and strenuous work activity are the significant risk factors for this condition in our setting. Public health initiatives targeting those at higher risk of hernia development may help early detection and treatment; thereby reducing morbidity and mortality from this condition.
我们旨在通过医院病例对照研究评估尼日利亚成年男性腹股沟疝发展的某些特定危险因素。目的是确定该人群中这种疾病的风险因素。这有助于制定适当的预防措施，以实现早期发现和治疗。
2009 年 4 月至 2011 年 3 月期间，在伊科罗杜综合医院普外科就诊的所有 18 岁及以上的原发性腹股沟疝男性患者均纳入研究作为病例。对照组是从普通门诊中随机选择的。参与者在首次就诊时接受了标准问卷调查，以记录他们的个人信息和危险因素的存在与否。所有研究病例均接受了疝修补术，并确定和记录了疝的类型，是间接性还是直接性。采用 SPSS 版本 15.0 进行统计分析，并通过单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析比较病例和对照组的危险因素。
共采访了 404 名男性患者。其中 202 例为病例，其余 202 例为对照组。腹股沟疝的显著危险因素是腹股沟疝阳性家族史（p<0.001）和剧烈的工作活动（p<0.001）。在病例中，132 例（65.3%）为间接性疝，其余 70 例（34.7%）为直接性疝。阳性家族史（p=0.011）和在排尿或排便时用力（p=0.047）是与疝类型显著相关的因素。
腹股沟疝阳性家族史和剧烈的工作活动是我们研究环境中这种疾病的显著危险因素。针对疝发展风险较高人群的公共卫生举措可能有助于早期发现和治疗，从而降低这种疾病的发病率和死亡率。
