VGZ Health Insurance Company, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Eur J Cancer. 2012 Oct;48(15):2369-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.05.003. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
Cancer of the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses (sinonasal cancer) is rare. Sinonasal cancer has been associated with various occupational risk factors such as exposure to dust of hard wood and leather. Also, a relationship with smoking habits has been suggested. We studied the long term trends in incidence to evaluate a putative effect of past preventive measures or changes in risk factors.
A retrospective population-based descriptive study.
To interpret the long term trends in incidence of sinonasal cancer in The Netherlands.
Data of all 3329 patients >15 years registered during 1989-2009 by the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR) were analysed, by data of 447 patients registered by the Eindhoven Cancer Registry (ECR) during 1973-2009 were analysed separately. Information on patients and tumour characteristics was obtained from both registries. The incidence was calculated per 1,000,000 person years and standardised using the European Standard Population.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most prominent histological type (48%), followed by adenocarcinoma (15%) and melanoma (8%). SCC was more frequently located in the nasal cavity or sinus maxillaris, but adenocarcinoma was more located in the ethmoid sinus. The male incidence increased during 1973-1995 with a peak of 15/1,000,000/year, decreasing since then to 11/1,000,000/year due to a declining incidence of both SCC and adenocarcinoma. In females the incidence remained stable around 5/1,000,000/year up to 2006 and increased to 7.5/1,000,000 in 2009 as a result of more SCC. The male/female ratio for SCC decreased from 2.7 to 2.0, and for adenocarcinoma from 3.4 to 2.8 since 1989.
The higher incidence in males and the different trends in incidence in males and females may reflect differences in previous exposure to risk factors. Adenocarcinoma, related to occupational exposures, tend to decline. The trends in both male and female sinonasal SCC are comparable with the trends in lung cancer.
鼻腔或鼻窦癌症（鼻窦癌）很少见。鼻窦癌与各种职业危险因素有关，例如接触硬木和皮革粉尘。此外，还提出了与吸烟习惯的关系。我们研究了发病率的长期趋势，以评估过去预防措施或危险因素变化的可能影响。
回顾性基于人群的描述性研究。
解释荷兰鼻窦癌发病率的长期趋势。
分析了荷兰癌症登记处（NCR）在 1989-2009 年期间登记的所有 3329 名> 15 岁患者的数据，以及埃因霍温癌症登记处（ECR）在 1973-2009 年期间登记的 447 名患者的数据。从两个登记处获得了有关患者和肿瘤特征的信息。发病率按每 100 万人年计算，并使用欧洲标准人群进行标准化。
最突出的组织学类型是鳞状细胞癌（SCC）（48％），其次是腺癌（15％）和黑色素瘤（8％）。SCC 更常位于鼻腔或上颌窦，但腺癌更位于筛窦。男性发病率在 1973-1995 年间增加，峰值为 15/100 万/年，此后由于 SCC 和腺癌的发病率均下降，发病率下降至 11/100 万/年。在女性中，发病率在 2006 年之前一直稳定在每年 5/100 万左右，由于 SCC 增加，2009 年增加至 7.5/100 万。SCC 的男女比例从 1989 年的 2.7 降至 2.0，腺癌从 3.4 降至 2.8。
男性发病率较高以及男性和女性发病率的不同趋势可能反映了以前接触危险因素的差异。与职业暴露有关的腺癌趋于下降。男性和女性鼻窦 SCC 的趋势与肺癌的趋势相似。
