Fernell E, Hagberg G, Hagberg B
Department of Paediatrics II, Gothenburg University, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1990 Nov;79(11):1080-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11387.x.
The epidemiology of infantile hydrocephalus (IH) in the birth years 1983-86 was investigated in the south-western health care region of Sweden. The study was made as a continuation of a previous one which had shown a significant increase in the prevalence of IH in 1967-82. That rise was entirely referable to the relatively larger number of preterm IH infants born in 1979-82 and was considered to be due to the enhanced survival, especially of very preterm infants. The present series comprised 57 liveborn IH infants--27 preterms and 30 born at term. The livebirth prevalence of IH was 0.64 per 1,000, 0.30 for preterm and 0.34 for fullterm infants. The high prevalence of preterm IH infants in 1979-82 had persisted, but had not increased further. This might indicate an improved outcome in preterm survivors in the period 1983-86, as the survival rate had continued to increase. The striking predominance of a perinatal aetiology of IH in very preterm infants could be confirmed: 90% had had intraventricular haemorrhages verified by ultrasound in the postpartum period. The outcome in very preterm surviving infants with IH was still alarmingly poor: 78% had cerebral palsy, 72% mental deficiency, and 56% epilepsy.
对瑞典西南部医疗保健地区1983 - 1986年出生的婴儿脑积水（IH）的流行病学情况进行了调查。该研究是之前一项研究的延续，之前的研究显示1967 - 1982年期间IH的患病率显著上升。这种上升完全归因于1979 - 1982年出生的早产IH婴儿数量相对较多，并且被认为是由于存活率提高，尤其是极早产婴儿的存活率提高所致。本系列包括57例活产的IH婴儿——27例早产儿和30例足月儿。IH的活产患病率为每1000例中有0.64例，早产儿为0.30例，足月儿为0.34例。1979 - 1982年早产IH婴儿的高患病率持续存在，但没有进一步增加。这可能表明1983 - 1986年期间早产存活者的预后有所改善，因为存活率持续上升。可以证实极早产婴儿中IH的围产期病因占显著优势：90%在产后经超声检查证实有脑室内出血。极早产存活的IH婴儿的预后仍然令人震惊地差：78%患有脑瘫，72%有智力缺陷，56%有癫痫。
