Mel'nikov A A, Savin A A, Emel'ianova L V, Vikulov A D
Fiziol Cheloveka. 2012 Mar-Apr;38(2):66-72.
The aim of study was to investigate static balance control in wrestlers (n = 31) and effects of fatigue on postural regulation in two position: bipedal stance and squat position with open eyes prior to and 2 min after bicycle PWC(170) test. A force platform ("Ritm". Russia) was used to determine static balance control. We found a minimum difference in postural control between wrestlers and controls prior to exercise in bipedal stance. In squat position linear and angular (all p < 0.001) sway velocity of centre of pressure were lower in wrestlers and were negatively correlated to PWC(170) index (r = 0.454 and r = 455, p < 0.001 with linear and angular sway velocities respectively) indicating that 20% dispersion of sway velocities in static strain position may be determined to physical working capacity. After PWC(170) test all parameters of sway were increased in both groups both in bipedal stance (p < 0.01) and squat position (p < 0.001) indicating an important role of muscular fatigue in the decrease of postural stability in both groups. Linear velocity after PWC(170) in bipedal stance increased to an equal extent in both groups but the increases of velocities of sway of centre of pressure in squat position were lower in athletes (ANOVA, p = 0.037 for linear and p = 0.008 for angular sway velocities respectively) and were negatively correlated to an extent of recovery of heart rate after PWC(170) indicating some contribution (6.5-14.2% of dispersion of linear and angular sway velocities) of an recovery rate to maintenance of a high level of postural stability in an static strain position in wrestlers during physical fatigue.
本研究旨在调查摔跤运动员（n = 31）的静态平衡控制，以及在自行车PWC(170)测试前和测试后2分钟，疲劳对双足站立和睁眼深蹲两种姿势下姿势调节的影响。使用一个力平台（“Ritm”，俄罗斯）来确定静态平衡控制。我们发现，在双足站立运动前，摔跤运动员和对照组之间的姿势控制差异最小。在深蹲姿势中，摔跤运动员的压力中心线性和角向（所有p < 0.001）摆动速度较低，并且与PWC(170)指数呈负相关（线性和角向摆动速度的r分别为0.454和0.455，p < 0.001），这表明在静态应变姿势下，摆动速度20%的离散度可用于确定身体工作能力。在PWC(170)测试后，两组在双足站立（p < 0.01）和深蹲姿势（p < 0.001）下的所有摆动参数均增加，这表明肌肉疲劳在两组姿势稳定性下降中起重要作用。双足站立时PWC(170)后的线性速度在两组中增加程度相同，但运动员在深蹲姿势下压力中心摆动速度的增加较低（方差分析，线性摆动速度p = 0.037，角向摆动速度p = 0.008），并且与PWC(170)后心率恢复程度呈负相关，这表明恢复率对摔跤运动员在身体疲劳期间保持静态应变姿势下的高水平姿势稳定性有一定贡献（线性和角向摆动速度离散度的6.5 - 14.2%）。
