Thiele R M, Conchola E C, Palmer T B, DeFreitas J M, Thompson B J
a Applied Musculoskeletal and Human Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance , Oklahoma State University , Stillwater , OK , USA.
J Sports Sci. 2015;33(2):211-8. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.934709. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-intensity free-weight back-squat exercise on postural stability characteristics in resistance-trained males. Eighteen college-aged (mean ± SD: age = 22.9 ± 2.9 years; height = 175.8 ± 6.4 cm; mass = 86.3 ± 9.3 kg), resistance-trained males performed postural stability testing before and after completing five sets of eight repetitions of back-squat exercises at 80% of one-repetition maximum. A commercial balance testing device was used to assess sway index at pre- and at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min post-exercise. Each balance assessment consisted of four, 20-s static stance conditions: eyes-open firm surface, eyes-closed firm surface, eyes-open soft surface and eyes-closed soft surface. Sway index was greater (P = 0.001-0.020) at Post 0 than at all other time points. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed between any other time phases. Sway index was greater (P < 0.001) for eyes-closed soft surface than all other conditions. These findings revealed sway index for all conditions significantly increased following completion of the back-squat; however, sway index recovered within 5 min of exercise. Higher sway index values as a result of neuromuscular fatigue induced by a back-squat exercise may have performance and injury risk consequences to subsequent activities that rely on postural stability. However, these findings suggest balance impairments may recover in ~5 min following high-intensity lower body resistance exercise.
本研究的目的是调查高强度自由重量深蹲练习对经过抗阻训练的男性姿势稳定性特征的影响。18名大学年龄（平均±标准差：年龄=22.9±2.9岁；身高=175.8±6.4厘米；体重=86.3±9.3千克）、经过抗阻训练的男性在以一次最大重复量的80%完成五组每组八次的深蹲练习前后进行姿势稳定性测试。使用一种商用平衡测试设备评估运动前以及运动后0、5、10、15和20分钟时的摇摆指数。每次平衡评估包括四种20秒的静态站立条件：睁眼在坚实表面、闭眼在坚实表面、睁眼在柔软表面和闭眼在柔软表面。与所有其他时间点相比，运动后0分钟时的摇摆指数更高（P=0.001 - 0.020）。在任何其他时间阶段之间未观察到差异（P>0.05）。闭眼在柔软表面时的摇摆指数比所有其他条件下都更高（P<0.001）。这些发现表明，深蹲练习完成后，所有条件下的摇摆指数均显著增加；然而，摇摆指数在运动后5分钟内恢复。深蹲练习引起的神经肌肉疲劳导致的较高摇摆指数值可能会对依赖姿势稳定性的后续活动产生性能和受伤风险方面的影响。然而，这些发现表明，高强度下肢抗阻运动后约5分钟平衡损伤可能会恢复。
