Pilet Charles
Académie des sciences, Paris, France.
C R Biol. 2012 May;335(5):350-5. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2012.03.006. Epub 2012 May 3.
The creation of the Veterinary Schools in the 18th century would reveal a plethora of scientists, some of whom would be the precursors of Pasteur, some rivals, others followers collaborators or friends of the Master. Among the precursors let us name Chabbert, Huzard, Girard, Delafond, Renault, Toussaint, Galtier ; among the rivals: Chauveau, Arloing, Cornevin and Thomas; among the followers, collaborators or friends of Pasteur: Bouley, at first a resolute spontaneist, then the most fervent in defense of Pasteur (President of the Academy of Medicine and of the Academy of Sciences) and Nocard, Director of the School in Alfort, an important collaborator of Pasteur. Later, there was Leclainche, who created the International Office of Epizootics, and who was President of the Academy of Sciences; Guérin, who with Calmette developed the BCG vaccination; Ramon, the father of anatoxins (vaccines against diphtheria, and tetanus, combined vaccines, adjuvants to immunity). Thus, the creation of the Veterinary Schools contributed not only to the evolution of the notion of contagion, to the amelioration of animal health and the economics of agricultural production, but also to serious advances in human care, and to the protection of public health.
18世纪兽医学院的创立涌现出了众多科学家，其中一些是巴斯德的先驱，一些是其对手，还有一些是这位大师的追随者、合作者或朋友。在先驱者中，我们提到夏伯特、于扎尔、吉拉尔、德拉方、勒努、图森、加尔捷；在对手中：肖沃、阿洛安、科尔内万和托马斯；在巴斯德的追随者、合作者或朋友中：布勒，起初是坚定的自发论者，后来成为巴斯德最热情的捍卫者（医学科学院和科学院院长）以及阿尔福特学校校长诺卡尔，他是巴斯德的重要合作者。后来，有创建了国际兽疫局且担任科学院院长的勒克莱因；与卡尔梅特共同研发卡介苗的盖兰；抗毒素（白喉和破伤风疫苗、联合疫苗、免疫佐剂）之父拉蒙。因此，兽医学院的创立不仅推动了传染观念的演变、改善了动物健康状况并提高了农业生产的经济效益，还在人类医疗方面取得了重大进展，并保护了公众健康。
