School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China.
Waste Manag. 2012 Oct;32(10):1989-98. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.012. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
The environmental impacts of waste incineration with auxiliary coal were investigated using the life-cycle-based software, EASEWASTE, based on the municipal solid waste (MSW) management system in Shuozhou City. In the current system, MSW is collected, transported, and incinerated with 250 kg of coal per ton of waste. Based on observed environmental impacts of incineration, fossil CO(2) and heavy metals were primary contributors to global warming and ecotoxicity in soil, respectively. Compared with incinerators using excess coal, incineration with adequate coal presents significant benefits in mitigating global warming, whereas incineration with a mass of coal can avoid more impacts to acidification, photochemical ozone and nutrient enrichment because of increased electricity substitution and reduced emission from coal power plants. The "Emission standard of air pollutants for thermal power plants (GB13223-2011)" implemented in 2012 introduced stricter policies on controlling SO(2) and NO(x) emissions from coal power plants. Thus, increased use of auxiliary coal during incineration yields fewer avoided impacts on acidification and nutrient enrichment. When two-thirds of ash is source-separated and landfilled, the incineration of rest-waste presents better results on global warming, acidification, nutrient enrichment, and even ecotoxicity in soil. This process is considered a promising solution for MSW management in Shuozhou City. Weighted normalized environmental impacts were assessed based on Chinese political reduction targets. Results indicate that heavy metal and acidic gas emissions should be given more attention in waste incineration. This study provides scientific support for the management of MSW systems dominated by incineration with auxiliary coal in China.
基于生命周期的软件 EASEWASTE，考察了添加辅助煤的垃圾焚烧对环境的影响，该软件基于朔州市的城市固体废物（MSW）管理系统。在当前的系统中，MSW 被收集、运输并与 250 公斤煤/吨废物一起焚烧。基于焚烧的观测环境影响，化石 CO₂和重金属分别是全球变暖的主要贡献者和土壤的生态毒性。与使用过量煤的焚烧炉相比，使用适量煤的焚烧在减轻全球变暖方面具有显著的益处，而大量煤的焚烧由于增加电力替代和减少煤电厂的排放，可以避免更多的酸化、光化学臭氧和营养物富营养化的影响。2012 年实施的《火电厂大气污染物排放标准（GB13223-2011）》对控制煤电厂的 SO₂和 NOx 排放提出了更严格的政策。因此，在焚烧过程中增加辅助煤的使用会减少对酸化和营养物富营养化的避免影响。当三分之二的灰分进行源头分离并进行填埋时，其余废物的焚烧在全球变暖、酸化、营养物富营养化甚至土壤生态毒性方面会呈现更好的结果。这一过程被认为是朔州市 MSW 管理的一个有前途的解决方案。基于中国政治减排目标，对加权归一化环境影响进行了评估。结果表明，重金属和酸性气体的排放应在垃圾焚烧中得到更多关注。本研究为中国以辅助煤焚烧为主的 MSW 系统管理提供了科学支持。
