Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, The University of Leeds, UK.
Br J Gen Pract. 2012 Jun;62(599):e403-10. doi: 10.3399/bjgp12X649089.
Management of cardiovascular risk includes adoption of healthy lifestyles. Uptake and completion rates for lifestyle programmes are low and many barriers and facilitators to lifestyle behaviour change have been reported in the literature. Clarity on which barriers and facilitators to target during consultations in primary care may support a more systematic approach to lifestyle behaviour change in those at high risk of cardiovascular events.
To identify the main barriers and facilitators to lifestyle behaviour change in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events.
A content synthesis of the qualitative literature reporting patient-level influences on lifestyle change.
Qualitative studies involving patients at high risk of cardiovascular events were identified through electronic searching and screening against predefined selection criteria. Factors (reported influences) were extracted and, using a clustering technique, organised into categories that were then linked to key themes through relationship mapping.
A total of 348 factors were extracted from 33 studies. Factors were organised into 20 categories and from these categories five key themes were identified: emotions, beliefs, information and communication, friends and family support, and cost/transport.
It is possible to organise the large number of self-reported individual influences on lifestyle behaviours into a small number of themes. Further research is needed to clarify which of these patient-level barriers and facilitators are the best predictors of uptake and participation in programmes aimed at helping people to change lifestyle.
心血管风险的管理包括采用健康的生活方式。生活方式计划的参与率和完成率都很低，并且文献中已经报道了许多改变生活方式行为的障碍和促进因素。明确在初级保健咨询中针对哪些障碍和促进因素，可能有助于对心血管事件高危人群的生活方式行为改变采取更系统的方法。
确定心血管事件高危个体改变生活方式行为的主要障碍和促进因素。
对报告影响生活方式改变的患者水平因素的定性文献进行内容综合。
通过电子检索和预先设定的选择标准进行筛选，确定了涉及心血管事件高危患者的定性研究。提取因素（报告的影响），并使用聚类技术将其组织成类别，然后通过关系映射将这些类别链接到关键主题。
从 33 项研究中提取了 348 个因素。这些因素被组织成 20 个类别，从中确定了 5 个关键主题：情绪、信念、信息和沟通、朋友和家庭支持以及成本/交通。
可以将大量自我报告的对生活方式行为的个体影响组织成少数几个主题。需要进一步研究，以明确这些患者水平的障碍和促进因素中哪些是预测参与旨在帮助人们改变生活方式的计划的最佳因素。
