Fässberg Madeleine Mellqvist, van Orden Kimberly A, Duberstein Paul, Erlangsen Annette, Lapierre Sylvie, Bodner Ehud, Canetto Silvia Sara, De Leo Diego, Szanto Katalin, Waern Margda
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Wallinsgatan 6, 43141 Mölndal, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Mar;9(3):722-45. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9030722. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Suicide in later life is a global public health problem. The aim of this review was to conduct a systematic analysis of studies with comparison groups that examined the associations between social factors and suicidal behavior (including ideation, non-fatal suicidal behavior, or deaths) among individuals aged 65 and older. Our search identified only 16 articles (across 14 independent samples) that met inclusion criteria. The limited number of studies points to the need for further research. Included studies were conducted in Canada (n = 2), Germany (n = 1), Hong Kong (n = 1), Japan (n = 1), Singapore (n = 1), Sweden (n = 2), Taiwan (n = 1), the U.K. (n = 2), and the U.S. (n = 3). The majority of the social factors examined in this review can be conceptualized as indices of positive social connectedness-the degree of positive involvement with family, friends, and social groups. Findings indicated that at least in industrialized countries, limited social connectedness is associated with suicidal ideation, non-fatal suicidal behavior, and suicide in later life. Primary prevention programs designed to enhance social connections as well as a sense of community could potentially decrease suicide risk, especially among men.
晚年自杀是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。本综述的目的是对设有对照组的研究进行系统分析，这些研究考察了65岁及以上人群中社会因素与自杀行为（包括自杀意念、非致命自杀行为或死亡）之间的关联。我们的检索仅找到16篇文章（来自14个独立样本）符合纳入标准。研究数量有限表明有必要进一步开展研究。纳入的研究分别在加拿大（n = 2）、德国（n = 1）、中国香港（n = 1）、日本（n = 1）、新加坡（n = 1）、瑞典（n = 2）、中国台湾（n = 1）、英国（n = 2）和美国（n = 3）开展。本综述中考察的大多数社会因素可被概念化为积极社会联系的指标——与家人、朋友和社会群体积极交往的程度。研究结果表明，至少在工业化国家，有限的社会联系与晚年的自杀意念、非致命自杀行为及自杀有关。旨在加强社会联系以及社区感的初级预防项目可能会降低自杀风险，尤其是在男性中。
