School of Medicine, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2012 Oct;25(5):435-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01263.x. Epub 2012 Jun 13.
Manipulation of dietary fibre intake represents a longstanding treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), particularly for those with constipation. Linseeds are often recommended by both clinicians and dietitians as a source of dietary fibre to alleviate symptoms. Recent guidance on the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) advises that linseeds may reduce wind and bloating, although there is limited clinical evidence to support this recommendation. The present pilot study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of: (i) whole linseeds versus ground linseeds; (ii) whole linseeds versus no linseeds; and (iii) ground linseeds versus no linseeds in the management of IBS symptoms.
In an open randomised controlled trial, subjects with IBS (n = 40) were allocated to one of three intervention groups: two tablespoons of whole linseeds per day (n = 14), two tablespoons of ground linseeds per day (n = 13) and no linseeds as controls (n = 13). Symptom severity (primary outcome) and bowel habit were assessed before and after a 4-week intervention and statistical differences between the groups were compared.
Thirty-one subjects completed the present study. Between-group analysis comparing the improvement in symptom severity did not reach statistical significance for whole linseeds (n = 11) versus ground linseeds (n = 11; P = 0.62), whole linseeds versus controls (n = 9; P = 0.12) and ground linseeds versus controls (P = 0.10). There were no significant changes in stool frequency or stool consistency for any of the groups.
Linseeds may be useful in relief of IBS symptoms. Further research is needed to detect clear differences between the effects of whole and ground linseeds.
膳食纤维的摄入控制一直以来都是肠易激综合征（IBS）患者的治疗方法，尤其适用于便秘患者。临床医生和营养师常推荐亚麻籽作为膳食纤维的来源，以缓解症状。最近关于肠易激综合征（IBS）管理的指南建议，亚麻籽可能会减少气胀和腹胀，但支持这一推荐的临床证据有限。本初步研究旨在比较：（i）整粒亚麻籽与磨碎的亚麻籽；（ii）整粒亚麻籽与无亚麻籽；以及（iii）磨碎的亚麻籽与无亚麻籽在 IBS 症状管理方面的临床效果。
在一项开放随机对照试验中，将 IBS 患者（n = 40）随机分配到三组干预组中：每天食用两汤匙整粒亚麻籽（n = 14）、每天食用两汤匙磨碎的亚麻籽（n = 13）和对照组（n = 13）不食用亚麻籽。在干预前和干预后 4 周评估症状严重程度（主要结局）和排便习惯，并比较组间的统计学差异。
31 名受试者完成了本研究。整粒亚麻籽（n = 11）与磨碎的亚麻籽（n = 11；P = 0.62）、整粒亚麻籽与对照组（n = 9；P = 0.12）以及磨碎的亚麻籽与对照组（P = 0.10）之间，比较症状严重程度改善的组间分析未达到统计学意义。任何一组的粪便频率或粪便稠度均无显著变化。
亚麻籽可能对缓解 IBS 症状有用。需要进一步研究以检测整粒和磨碎的亚麻籽之间的效果差异。
