Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, UMC Groningen, The Netherlands.
Acta Paediatr. 2012 Sep;101(9):929-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2012.02728.x. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
To assess in infants the number of illness episodes treated with antibiotics and prescription rates in five European countries.
This study was embedded in a multicenter nutritional intervention study and was conducted in five European countries. Infants were followed until 1 year of age. Illness episodes and prescriptions of systemic antibiotics were recorded by the parents.
Illness episodes were caused by upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in 55-64% and by otitis media (OM) in 2-6.8%. URTIs were statistically significant and more frequently treated with antibiotics in Italy (18.8%), and less frequently in Switzerland (1.4%). OM was statistically significant and less frequently treated with antibiotics in the Netherlands (55%) when compared to Italy (82%). The antibiotic prescription rate varied between countries, ranging from 0.2 to 1.3 prescriptions per infant per year.
As the frequency of illness episodes did not differ between countries, other factors, such as physician's attitude, parental pressure or other socio-economic determinants, most likely play a role in antibiotic prescribing habits in the first year of life.
评估在五个欧洲国家中，因疾病而接受抗生素治疗的婴儿数量和处方率。
本研究嵌入在一项多中心营养干预研究中，在五个欧洲国家进行。对婴儿进行随访至 1 岁。父母记录疾病发作和全身抗生素处方情况。
疾病发作由上呼吸道感染（URTI）引起的占 55%-64%，中耳炎（OM）占 2%-6.8%。意大利 URTI 接受抗生素治疗的比例显著更高（18.8%），而瑞士则显著更低（1.4%）。与意大利（82%）相比，荷兰 OM 接受抗生素治疗的比例显著更低（55%）。抗生素处方率在各国之间存在差异，范围为每年每婴儿 0.2 至 1.3 次处方。
由于疾病发作的频率在各国之间没有差异，因此其他因素，如医生的态度、父母的压力或其他社会经济决定因素，可能在婴儿生命的第一年中抗生素处方习惯中发挥作用。
