Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK.
Centre for Genetics and Genomics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
New Phytol. 2012 Aug;195(3):526-540. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04197.x. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
Eukaryotic cilia/flagella are ancient organelles with motility and sensory functions. Cilia display significant ultrastructural conservation where present across the eukaryotic phylogeny; however, diversity in ciliary biology exists and the ability to produce cilia has been lost independently on a number of occasions. Land plants provide an excellent system for the investigation of cilia evolution and loss across a broad phylogeny, because early divergent land plant lineages produce cilia, whereas most seed plants do not. This review highlights the differences in cilia form and function across land plants and discusses how recent advances in genomics are providing novel insights into the evolutionary trajectory of ciliary proteins. We propose a renewed effort to adopt ciliated land plants as models to investigate the mechanisms underpinning complex ciliary processes, such as number control, the coordination of basal body placement and the regulation of beat patterns.
真核纤毛/鞭毛是具有运动和感觉功能的古老细胞器。纤毛在整个真核生物系统发育中表现出显著的超微结构保守性；然而，纤毛生物学的多样性存在，并且在许多情况下，独立产生纤毛的能力已经丧失。陆生植物为在广泛的系统发育范围内研究纤毛的进化和丧失提供了一个极好的系统，因为早期分化的陆生植物谱系产生纤毛，而大多数种子植物则不产生纤毛。这篇综述强调了陆生植物中纤毛形态和功能的差异，并讨论了基因组学的最新进展如何为纤毛蛋白的进化轨迹提供新的见解。我们建议重新努力采用有纤毛的陆生植物作为模型，以研究支持复杂纤毛过程的机制，如数量控制、基体位置的协调以及拍动模式的调节。
