Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Laboratory for Neuroimaging Research, Partners MS Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2012 Aug;25(4):402-9. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328354f63f.
This review summarizes the recent data pertaining to the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing brain and spinal cord involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Using MRI as a tool, investigators have made progress recently in understanding the substrate and mechanisms underlying the development and evolution of focal lesions and diffuse damage in MS. The application of refined MRI sequences has markedly improved the characterization of focal lesions, in particular cortical lesions. Promising improvements have been made to clarify the pathological specificity and sensitivity of MRI techniques by performing combined histopathologic-MRI correlation studies. The use of high-field (3 T) and ultra-high-field (UHF; >3 T) MRI has further facilitated the detection of both gray matter and white matter microstructural damage, and elucidated the topographic relationship of overt damage to venous blood vessels. The development of advanced MRI postprocessing tools has led to additional progress in detecting clinically relevant regional gray matter and white matter damage.
MRI continues to play a pivotal role in the investigation of MS. Ongoing advances in MRI technology should further expand the current understanding of pathologic disease mechanisms and improve diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring ability in patients with MS.
本综述总结了最近关于磁共振成像（MRI）在评估多发性硬化（MS）脑和脊髓受累中的应用的数据。
研究人员利用 MRI 作为工具，在理解 MS 中局灶性病变和弥散性损伤的发展和演变的基础和机制方面取得了进展。精细 MRI 序列的应用显著提高了局灶性病变，特别是皮质病变的特征。通过进行联合组织病理学-MRI 相关性研究，对 MRI 技术的病理特异性和敏感性进行了有希望的改进，以明确其解释。高场（3T）和超高场（UHF；>3T）MRI 的应用进一步促进了灰、白质微观结构损伤的检测，并阐明了明显损伤与静脉血管的空间关系。先进的 MRI 后处理工具的发展也使得检测临床相关的局部灰质和白质损伤取得了额外的进展。
MRI 在 MS 的研究中继续发挥关键作用。MRI 技术的不断进步应进一步扩展对病理疾病机制的现有认识，并提高 MS 患者的诊断、预后和监测能力。
