Chee W Ss, Chong P N, Chuah K A, Karupaiah T, Mustafa Norlaila, Suniza Seri, Chinna Karuthan, Horcajada M N, Ameye L, Offord-Cavin E
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Medical University Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur.
Malays J Nutr. 2010 Aug;16(2):233-42. Epub 2010 Aug 15.
Bone health status was investigated in 178 free-living Chinese post-menopausal women in Kuala Lumpur. Body mass index (BMI), body composition (using whole body DXA), calcium intake and serum 25-OH vitamin D status were measured along with biochemical markers of bone turnover, that is, pro-collagen Type 1 N-terminal peptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC) and C-telopeptide β cross link of Type 1 collagen (CTX- β). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using DXA (Hologic, USA) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip. Results showed that osteopenia was present in 50% of the subjects at the spine and 57.9% at the femoral neck. Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 10% of the subjects at both the femoral neck and spine. A total of 29.3% of the subjects had high levels of CTX- β. Mean serum level of 25-OH vitamin D was 60.4+15.6 nmol/L and 50.6% of the subjects had hypovitaminosis D (defined as < 50 nmol/l). Mean total calcium intake of the subjects was 497 + 233 mg, of which only 14% met the RNI for calcium with the additional intake of calcium supplements. Body fat was also significantly correlated (r=0.181, p< 0.05) with BMD at the spine but not BMD at the femoral neck. Lean body mass was positively correlated with BMD at the spine (r=0.289, p< 0.001) and femoral neck (r=0.295, p< 0.001). CTX-β was negatively correlated with BMD at the spine (r= -0.235, p< 0.001), whereas P1NP (r=-0.215, p< 0.001) and osteocalcin (r=-0.265, p< 0.001) were both negatively correlated with BMD at the femoral neck. Generally, the study found that women with osteopenia had higher levels of bone turnover markers, less lean body mass and lower calcium intake than women with normal BMD. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the majority of free living Chinese post-menopausal women in Kuala Lumpur have low calcium intake, low 25-OH vitamin D status and low bone mass and elevated biochemical markers of bone turnover.
对吉隆坡178名自由生活的中国绝经后女性的骨骼健康状况进行了调查。测量了体重指数（BMI）、身体成分（使用全身双能X线吸收法）、钙摄入量和血清25-羟基维生素D水平，以及骨转换的生化标志物，即I型前胶原N端肽（P1NP）、骨钙素（OC）和I型胶原的C端β交联肽（CTX-β）。使用双能X线吸收法（美国Hologic公司）测量腰椎、股骨颈和全髋部的骨密度（BMD）。结果显示，50%的受试者脊柱存在骨质减少，57.9%的受试者股骨颈存在骨质减少。10%的受试者股骨颈和脊柱均被诊断为骨质疏松症。共有29.3%的受试者CTX-β水平较高。血清25-羟基维生素D的平均水平为60.4±15.6 nmol/L，50.6%的受试者存在维生素D缺乏（定义为<50 nmol/L）。受试者的平均总钙摄入量为497±233 mg，其中只有14%通过额外补充钙剂达到了钙的推荐营养素摄入量（RNI）。体脂与脊柱骨密度也显著相关（r=0.181，p<0.05），但与股骨颈骨密度无关。瘦体重与脊柱骨密度呈正相关（r=0.289，p<0.001），与股骨颈骨密度也呈正相关（r=0.295，p<
